Organics Test

Question 1

Alkanes

Answer 1

-ane. -c-c-

Question 2

Alkene

Answer 2

Ene -c=c-

Question 3

Alkynes

Answer 3

Yne -c=_c-

Question 4

Haloalkanes

Answer 4

O c-br

Question 5

Alcohol

Answer 5

Ankl -c-oh

Question 6

Carboxylic acid

Answer 6

Anoic acid -cooh

Question 7

Amine

Answer 7

Amine -c-NH2

Question 8

Acyl chloride

Answer 8

Oyl chloride-cocl

Question 9

Ester

Answer 9

-yl-anoate -coo

Question 10

Amide

Answer 10

Amide -coNH2

Question 11

Aldehyde

Answer 11

Anal -coh

Question 12

Ketone

Answer 12

One -c-o

Question 13

How do you get an optical isomer

Answer 13

When 4 diff groups attach to a carbon

Question 14

How to differentiate between optical isomers

Answer 14

Same physical and chemical properties, except they rotate a plane of polarised light differently ( equal and opp directions)

Question 15

Addition

Answer 15

Hydration (h20)- alcohol
Hydrogenation (h2/pt) -alkane
Halogenation (Br2/cl2)- haloalkane

Question 16

Elimination

Answer 16

Alcohol-alkene
Haloalkane- alkene (HCI/HBR)

Question 17

Oxidation

Answer 17

1 alc- aldehyde-carboxylic acid (H+ Cr2O7-2)

Aldehyde- carboxylic acid

Question 18

Reduction

Answer 18

Aldehyde- 1 alc (NaBH4)
Ketone- 2 alc

Question 19

Substitution acyl Chloride (all hydrolysis)

Answer 19

• carboxylic acid (h20)
• ester (alc)
  -1 amide (NH3 alc)
  -2 amide (amine)

Question 20

Ester

Answer 20

• amide + alc (NH3/alc)
• carboxylic acid + alc (h+/ h20) - acid hydrolysis
• carboxy acid salt (naoh) base hydrolysis’

Question 21

Amide

Answer 21

• carboxylic acid (HCI) acid hydro
• acid salt (Noah) base

Question 22

Carboxylic acid

Answer 22

• ester ( alc H2SO4) esterfication
• acyl chloride (socl2)

Question 23

Explain hydrolysis àmino acids

Answer 23

Water is used to break the peptide bond into amino acids. Acid hydrolysis uses a dilute acid such as sulphuric acid and base hydrolysis uses a weak base like NaOH. Both require heat under reflux. in acidic conditions the nh2 group is protonated and in basic conditions. The COOH group is deprotonated.

Question 24

Distillation

Answer 24

Separating/purifying products from reactants using different boiling points

Question 25

Reflux

Answer 25

Speeds up/causes an organic reaction to occur without losing volatile compounds

Question 26

Alkene- diol

Answer 26

Oxidation, H+/MN04

Question 27

Alc to haloalkane

Answer 27

Socl2 substitution

Question 28

Alc to ester

Answer 28

Rooh/H+

Question 29

Haloalkane to alc

Answer 29

Dilute OH- substitution