Organic Synthesis (Organic) (complete)

Question 1

Describe the uses of quaternary ammonium salts.

Answer 1

when they have long chain alkyl groups they can be used as cationic surfactants (fabric softeners, soaps, detergents)

Question 2

Name and describe some ideal conditions of an organic synthesis process and why.

Answer 2

• Minimal number of steps - product always lost after each step.
• Non-reversible reaction - % yield always reduced.
• Highest atom economies possible - less waste to get rid off, more sustainable.
• Different state of wanted product to by-products - easier purification process.
• No solvent - easier to purify without solvent present.
• No other reactions
• Renewable raw material - sustainable
• No hazardous reactants/products/conditions