Organic Synthesis Flashcards

1
Q

SECONDARY ALCOHOL TO KETONE

A

heat with K2Cr2O7 in dilute H2SO4

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2
Q

ALCOHOL TO ESTER

A

ethanoic acid or ethanoyl chloride

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3
Q

ALCOHOL TO HALOALKANE

A

PCl5, I2, H2SO4

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4
Q

ALDEHYDE TO CARBOXYLIC ACID

A

heat under reflux with K2Cr2O7 in dilute H2SO4

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5
Q

ALDEHYDE/KETONE TO HYDROXYNITRILE

A

HCN in buffer solution of pH 7

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6
Q

CARBOXYLIC ACID TO ALCOHOL

A

LiAlH4 in dry ethyl ether

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7
Q

CARBOXYLIC ACID TO ACYL CHLORIDE

A

PCl5

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8
Q

ESTER TO CARBOXYLIC ACID

A

H2O, heat under reflux with H2SO4

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9
Q

ACYL CHLORIDE TO CARBOXYLIC ACID

A

H2O

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10
Q

ACYL CHLORIDE TO PRIMARY AMIDE

A

conc ammonia

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11
Q

ACYL CHLORIDE TO ESTER

A

alcohol

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12
Q

ACYL CHLORIDE TO N SUBSTITUTED AMIDE

A

amine

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13
Q

HALOALKANE TO ALCOHOL

A

heat under reflux with NaOH(aq)

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14
Q

HALOALKANE TO AMINE

A

conc ammonia in alcohol (aq)

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15
Q

HALOALKANE TO ALKENE

A

heat reflux with KOH in alcohol

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16
Q

HALOALKANE TO ALKYL BENZENE

A

benzene, anhydrous AlCl3

17
Q

NITRILE TO AMINE

A

LiAlH4 in dry ether solution

18
Q

NITRILE TO CARBOXYLIC ACID

A

heat under reflux with dilute H2SO4

19
Q

ALKENE TO HALOALKANE

A

hydrogen halide gas

20
Q

ALKENE TO ALKANE

A

hydrogen, heated Ni catalyst

21
Q

ALKENE TO DIOL

A

KMnO4

22
Q

BENZENE TO NITROBENZENE

A

conc HNO3, H2SO4 at 50°C

23
Q

BENZENE TO BENZYL KETONE

A

acyl chloride, anhydrous AlCl3

24
Q

BENZENE TO BROMOBENZENE

A

Br2, iron

25
Q

BENZENE TO BENZENESULFONIC ACID

A

fuming H2SO4

26
Q

NITROBENZENE TO PHENYLAMINE

A

reflux with tin and conc HCl, add alkali, steam distil

27
Q

PHENYLAMINE TO BENZENEDIAZONIUM CHLORIDE

A

NaNO2, HCl, 0°C-10°C

28
Q

BENZENEDIAZONIUM CHLORIDE TO AZO COMPOUND

A

phenol, cold alkaline solution

29
Q

PHENOL TO 2-NITROPHENOL & 4-NITROPHENOL (mix)

A

dilute HNO3

heating forms 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrophenol as well

30
Q

PHENOL TO 2,4,6-TRINITROPHENOL

A

conc HNO3

31
Q

PHENOL TO 2,4,6-TRIBROMOPHENOL

A

bromine water (in excess)

32
Q

PRIMARY ALCOHOL TO ALDEHYDE

A

heat with K2Cr2O7 in dilute H2SO4, distil