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Chemistry > Organic Synthesis > Flashcards

Organic Synthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

Alkanes to haloalkanes

A

Free radical substitution
UV light

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2
Q

Haloalkanes to Primary amines

A

Nucleophillic substitution
XS NH3
Heat

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3
Q

Primary amine to secondary amine

A

Nucleophillic substitution
Haloalkane
Warm

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4
Q

Secondary amine to tertiary amine

A

Nucleophillic substitution
Haloalkane
Warm

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5
Q

Tertiary amine to quaternary ammonium salt

A

Nucleophillic substitution
Haloalkane
Warm

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6
Q

Haloalkane to alcohol

A

Nucleophillic substitution
aq NaOH
Warm heat under reflux

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7
Q

Haloalkane to alkene

A

Elimination
KOH ethanolic
Heat, distillation

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8
Q

Haloalkane to nitrile

A

Nucleophillic substitution
aq KCN
Heat, reflux

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9
Q

Alkene to dihaloalkane

A

Electrophillic addition
Halogen
Room temp

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10
Q

Alkene to haloalkane

A

Electrophillic addition
Hydrogen halide
Room temperature

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11
Q

Alkene to alkylhydrogen sulphate

A

Electrophillic addition
Conc sulfuric acid
Cold

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12
Q

Alkene to alcohol

A

Hydration
Water
H2SO4 catalyst
Warm

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13
Q

Primary amine to alkylammonium salt

A

Acid base
Dil HCl
Room temp

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14
Q

Alcohol to alkene

A

Dehydration
Al2O3 or conc acid

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15
Q

Nitriles to primary amines

A

Reduction
LiAlH4 in dry ether
Or H2 and Ni catalyst

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16
Q

S Alcohols to ketones

A

Oxidation
K2Cr2O7
H2SO4
Heat under reflux

17
Q

Ketones to Alcohols

A

Reduction
NaBH4 aq
Heat

18
Q

Alcohols to aldehydes

A

Oxidation
Heat and distil
K2Cr2O7
H2SO4

19
Q

Aldehydes to alcohols

A

Reduction
aq NaBH4
Room temp

20
Q

Nitriles to carboxylic acids

A

Hydrolysis
Dil HCl
Heat

21
Q

Aldehydes to carboxylic acids

A

Oxidation
K2Cr2O7
H2SO4
Heat under reflux

22
Q

Carboxylic acids to aldehydes

A

Reduction
LiAlH4
Dry ether
Heat

23
Q

Carboxylic acids to esters

A

Esterification
Alcohol
H2SO4
Heat

24
Q

Carboxylic acids to carboxylate salts

A

Acid base
NaOH aq
Room temp

25
Q

Acylchlorides / acid anhydrides to esters

A

Nucleophillic addition - elimination
Alcohol
Room temp

26
Q

Acylchlorides / acid anhydrides to carboxylic acids

A

Hydrolysis
H2O
Room temp

27
Q

Acylchlorides / acid anhydrides to amides

A

Nucleophillic addition - elimination
Amines
Room temp

Chemistry (9 decks)

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