organic synthesis Flashcards

1
Q

alkane to haloalkane

A

halogen, UV

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2
Q

haloalkane to alcohol

A

NaOH, reflux

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3
Q

alcohol to haloalkane

A

sodium halide, H2SO4

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4
Q

alkene to alkane

A

H2, Ni

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5
Q

alkene to haloalkane

A

hydrogen halide

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6
Q

alkene to alcohol

A

H2O(g), H3PO4

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7
Q

alcohol to alkene

A

conc H2SO4, reflux

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8
Q

primary alcohol to aldehyde

A

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, distill

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9
Q

primary alcohol to carboxylic acid

A

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, reflux

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10
Q

aldehyde to carboxylic acid

A

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, reflux

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11
Q

secondary alcohol to ketone

A

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, reflux

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12
Q

alcohol to ester

A

carboxlyic acid, conc H2SO4

OR acid anhydride

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13
Q

ester to carboxylate

A

NaOH, reflux

hydrolysis

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14
Q

ester to carboxylic acid

A

dilute acid, water, heat

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15
Q

carboxylic acid to ester

A

alcohol, conc H2SO4, heat (distill??)

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16
Q

aldehyde to primary alcohol

A

NaBH4, H2O

reduction

17
Q

ketone to secondary alcohol

A

NaBH4, H2O

reduction

18
Q

acyl chloride to ester

A

alcohol

19
Q

carboxylic acid to acyl chloride

A

SOCl2

20
Q

acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

A

H2O

21
Q

haloalkane to nitrile

A

NaCN, ethanol

22
Q

haloalkane to amine

A

NH3, ethanol

23
Q

nitrile to amine

A

H2, Ni

24
Q

ketone to hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN, H2SO4

25
Q

aldehyde to hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN, H2SO4

nucleophilic addition

26
Q

hydroxynitrile to amine

A

H2, Ni

27
Q

hydroxynitrile to carboxylic acid

A

H2O, HCl, heat

hydrolysis

28
Q

nitrile to carboxylic acid

A

H2O, HCl, heat

hydrolysis

29
Q

acyl chloride to primary amide

A

NH3

30
Q

acyl chloride to secondary amide

A

primary amine