organic synthesis Flashcards by Burhanuddin Esmailjee

Q

alkane to haloalkane

A

halogen, UV

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Q

haloalkane to alcohol

A

NaOH, reflux

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Q

alcohol to haloalkane

A

sodium halide, H2SO4

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Q

alkene to alkane

A

H2, Ni

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Q

alkene to haloalkane

A

hydrogen halide

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Q

alkene to alcohol

A

H2O(g), H3PO4

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Q

alcohol to alkene

A

conc H2SO4, reflux

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Q

primary alcohol to aldehyde

A

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, distill

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Q

primary alcohol to carboxylic acid

A

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, reflux

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Q

aldehyde to carboxylic acid

A

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, reflux

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Q

secondary alcohol to ketone

A

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, reflux

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Q

alcohol to ester

A

carboxlyic acid, conc H2SO4

OR acid anhydride

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Q

ester to carboxylate

A

NaOH, reflux

hydrolysis

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Q

ester to carboxylic acid

A

dilute acid, water, heat

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Q

carboxylic acid to ester

A

alcohol, conc H2SO4, heat (distill??)

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Q

aldehyde to primary alcohol

A

NaBH4, H2O

reduction

Q

ketone to secondary alcohol

A

NaBH4, H2O

reduction

Q

acyl chloride to ester

A

alcohol

Q

carboxylic acid to acyl chloride

A

SOCl2

Q

acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

A

H2O

Q

haloalkane to nitrile

A

NaCN, ethanol

Q

haloalkane to amine

A

NH3, ethanol

Q

nitrile to amine

A

H2, Ni

Q

ketone to hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN, H2SO4

Q

aldehyde to hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN, H2SO4

nucleophilic addition

Q

hydroxynitrile to amine

A

H2, Ni

Q

hydroxynitrile to carboxylic acid

A

H2O, HCl, heat

hydrolysis

Q

nitrile to carboxylic acid

A

H2O, HCl, heat

hydrolysis

Q

acyl chloride to primary amide

A

NH3

Q

acyl chloride to secondary amide

A

primary amine