Organic Pathways Flashcards by Bay Gorrod

Q

Alkane to Halogenoalkane

A

X2 (halogen)
UV light

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Q

Alkene to alkane

A

H2
Nickel catalyst
150 degrees

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Q

Alkene to Halogenoalkane

A

HX (hydrogen halide)
20 degrees

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Q

Halogenoalkane to Alkene

A

KOH
Ethanol
Reflux

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Q

Alkene to dihalogenoalkane

A

X2
20 degrees

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Q

Alkene to diol

A

Acidified KMnO4
20 degrees

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Q

Alkene to alcohol

A

Steam
H3PO4 catalyst
300 degrees
60-70 atm

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Q

Alcohol to Alkene

A

Conc H3PO4
170 degrees

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Q

Alcohol to Halogenoalkane (chloroalkane)

A

PCl5
20 degrees

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Q

Alcohol to Halogenoalkane (bromoalkane)

A

KBr
50% conc H2SO4
20 degrees

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Q

Halogenoalkane to alcohol

A

Warm aqueous KOH
Reflux

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Q

Alcohol to Halogenoalkane (Iodoalkane)

A

Rep phosphorus I2
Reflux

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Q

Alcohol to aldehyde/ketone

A

K2Cr2O7
Heat

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Q

Aldehyde/Ketone to Alcohol

A

LiAlH4

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Q

Aldehyde/Ketone to Carboxylic Acid

A

K2Cr2O7
Reflux

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Q

Carboxylic Acid to Alcohol

A

LiAlH4

Q

Halogenoalkane to Nitrile

A

KCN
Ethanol
Reflux

Q

Halogenoalkane to Carboxylic Acid

A

Mg
Dry ether
Followed by CO2
Dilute acid

Q

Halogenoalkane to primary amine

A

Excess Ethanolic ammonia
Heat

Q

Nitrile to primary amine

A

LiAlH4
Followed by Dilute acid

Q

Nitrile to Carboxylic Acid

A

Dilute HCl
Reflux

Q

Acyl chloride to amide

A

NH3
20 degrees

Q

Alcohol to ester

A

Carboxylic acid/acyl chloride,
acid catalyst
heat

Q

Ester to alcohol

A

Dilute acid/alkali
Reflux

Q

Carboxylic acid to ester

A

Alcohol
Acid catalyst
Heat

Q

Ester to carboxylic acid

A

Dilute acid/alkali
Reflux

Q

Acyl chloride to Ester

A

Alcohol
20 degrees

Q

Carboxylic acid to acyl chloride

A

PCl5
20 degrees

Q

Acyl Chloride to carboxylic acid

A

Cold H2O

Q

Benzene to bromobenzene

A

Br2
Halogen carrier catalyst
RTP

Q

Benzene to chlorobenzene

A

Cl2
Halogen carrier catalyst
RTP

Q

Benzene to nitrobenzene

A

Conc nitric acid
Conc sulphuric acid
Less than 55 degrees

Q

Nitrobenzene to C6H5NH2

A

Tin
Conc HCl
Reflux

Q

Benzene to C6H5COR

A

RCOCl
Halogen carrier catalyst

Q

Benzene to C6H5R

A

RCl
Halogen carrier catalyst
Reflux

Q

Benzene to C6HSO2OH

A

Conc H2SO4
SO3
Reflux