Organic Molecules Flashcards
These are large carbon based molecules found in or used by living things.
ORGANIC MOLECULES are large carbon based molecules found in or used by living thing.
This prefix that means “many”.
POLY- means “many”.
This is a very large molecule.
A MACROMOLECULE is a very large molecule
This is the scientific name for a sugar.
A SACCHARIDE is a sugar.
This prefix that means one.
MONO- means one.
This is a large molecule made of many smaller monomers.
A POLYMER is a large molecule made of many smaller monomers.
This is a complex carbohydrate made of simple sugars. Starch is an example.
A POLYSACCHARIDE is a complex carbohydrate made of simple sugars. Starch is an example.
This is a simple sugar that can join with other simple sugars to form a polysaccharide.
A MONOSACCHARIDE is a simple sugar that can join with other simple sugars to form a polysaccharide.
This is any substance that speeds up a reaction.
CATALYSTS are substances that speeds up reactions.
These are proteins which catalyze chemical reactions.
ENZYMES are proteins which catalyze chemical reactions.
This is the place on the enzyme where the substrate fits.
The ACTIVE SITE is the place on the enzyme where the substrate fits.
This is the substance that is changed in a chemical reaction.
A REACTANT is the substance that is changed in a chemical reaction.
This is the same thing as a reactant.
H2O2 is an example.
A SUBSTRATE is the same thing as a reactant. H2O2 is an example.
This is the combined structure that forms when the substrate is attached to the enzyme.
An ENZYME-SUBSTRATE COMPLEX is the combined structure that forms when the substrate is attached to the enzyme.
This is what an enzyme does to a substrate.
An enzyme WEAKENS the bonds of a substrate in order to speed up the reaction at a normal temperature.
This is what enzymes do to the activation energy needed to start a reaction.
Enzymes LOWER the activation energy of reactions.
This is the function of Nucleic Acids.
Nucleic Acids such as DNA and RNA carry our HEREDITY information.
This is the function of lipids.
Lipids are used in the structure of the cell membrane, they store LOTS of energy and can be also used as a WATERPROOFING agent.
This is the function of carbohydrates.
Carbohydrates are the MAIN SOURCE OF ENERGY of living organisms.
This is an example of a protein which can control the rate of a reaction.
An ENZYME is a protein that can control the rate of a chemical reaction.
These are the monomers of nucleic acids.
NUCLEOTIDES are the monomers of nucleic acids.
This is what enzymes do to the activation energy needed to start chemical reactions.
Enzymes LOWER the activation energy needed to start chemical reactions.
These are the monomers of proteins.
AMINO ACIDS are the monomers of proteins.
These are 3 functions of proteins.
Proteins:
speed up reactions;
form bones and muscles;
help form cell membranes
