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Bio 111 > Organic Molecules > Flashcards

Organic Molecules Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the four main organic molecules found in living organisms?

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

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2
Q

Which organic molecule is the primary source of energy for cells?

A

Carbohydrates

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3
Q

What is the main function of lipids in living organisms?

A

Energy storage, insulation, and cell membrane structure

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4
Q

What are the building blocks of proteins?

A

Amino acids

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5
Q

What is the function of proteins in living organisms?

A

Enzymes, structure, transport, and defense

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6
Q

Which organic molecule carries genetic information in cells?

A

Nucleic acids

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7
Q

What are the two types of nucleic acids found in cells?

A

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid)

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8
Q

What is the function of DNA in cells?

A

Stores genetic information

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9
Q

What is the function of RNA in cells?

A

Translates genetic information into proteins

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10
Q

Which organic molecule is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio?

A

Carbohydrates

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11
Q

Which organic molecule is hydrophobic and insoluble in water?

A

Lipids

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12
Q

What are the three types of lipids?

A

Triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids

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13
Q

What is the function of triglycerides in living organisms?

A

Long-term energy storage and insulation

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14
Q

What is the monomer unit of carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharides

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15
Q

What is the polymer of nucleic acids?

A

Nucleotides

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16
Q

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

A

Quick energy source and structural support

17
Q

What is the primary function of nucleic acids in living organisms?

A

Store and transmit genetic information

18
Q

Which organic molecule is composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur?

A

Proteins

19
Q

What are the four levels of protein structure?

A

Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary

20
Q

What is denaturation of a protein?

A

Loss of its structure and function due to heat, pH, or chemicals

21
Q

Which organic molecule is the most diverse and versatile in terms of function?

A

Proteins

22
Q

What is the function of phospholipids in cell membranes?

A

Form a lipid bilayer for cell membrane structure

23
Q

What is the main function of steroids in living organisms?

A

Regulate metabolic activities and act as hormones

Bio 111 (3 decks)

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