ORGANIC MOLECULES

Question 1

Define organic molecules

Answer 1

molecules containing carbon atoms

Question 2

Molecular formula

Answer 2

A chemical formula that indicates the element and numbers
of each of the atoms in a molecule.

Question 3

Structural formula:

Answer 3

A structural formula of a compound shows which atoms are
attached to which within the molecule

Question 5

Condensed structural formula:

Answer 5

This notation shows the way in which atoms are
bonded together in the molecule, but DOES NOT SHOW ALL bond lines

Question 6

Hydrocarbon:

Answer 6

Organic compounds that consist of hydrogen and carbon only

Question 7

Homologous series:

Answer 7

A series of organic compounds that can be described by
the same general formula

Question 8

Saturated compounds:

Answer 8

Compounds in which there are no multiple bonds
between C atoms in their hydrocarbon chains

Question 9

Unsaturated compounds:

Answer 9

Compounds with one or more multiple bonds between
C atoms in their hydrocarbon chains

Question 10

Functional group:

Answer 10

A bond or an atom or a group of atoms that determine(s) the
physical and chemical properties of a group of organic compounds

Question 11

Only C-H and C-C
single bonds

Answer 11

Alkanes

Question 12

Carbon-carbon
double bond

Answer 12

Alkenes

Question 13

Carbon-carbon
triple bond

Answer 13

Alkynes

Question 14

Halogen atom
bonded to a C atom
in an alkane

Answer 14

Haloalkanes

Question 15

Hydroxyl group
bonded to a
saturated C atom

Answer 15

Alcohols

Question 16

Formyl group

Answer 16

Aldehydes

Question 17

Carbonyl group
bonded to two C
atoms

Answer 17

Ketones

Question 18

Carboxylic acids

Answer 18

Carboxyl group

Question 19

Structural isomer:

Answer 19

Organic molecules with the same molecular formula, but
different structural formulae

Question 20

Chain isomers

Answer 20

Same molecular formula, but different types of chains

Question 21

Positional isomers:

Answer 21

Same molecular formula, but different positions of the side
chain, substituents or functional groups on the parent chain

Question 22

Functional isomers:

Answer 22

Same molecular formula, but different functional groups

Question 23

The addition of a hydrogen halide to an alkene

Answer 23

Hydrohalogenation:

Question 24

The reaction of a halogen (Br2, Cℓ2) with a compound

Answer 24

Halogenation:

Question 25

The addition of water to a compound

Answer 25

Hydration:

Question 26

Hydrogenation:

Answer 26

The addition of hydrogen to an alkene