Organic I

Question 1

What is homolytic fission?

Answer 1

When atoms each retain one of the electrons when a covalent bond is broken

Question 2

What are the 3 steps of chlorination of alkanes?

Answer 2

1 - Initiation, Halogen is broken down in the presence of UV light, to form 2 radicals
2 - The radical reacts with the alkene, displacing a hydrogen and forming an acid: e.g CH4 + *Cl -> *CH3 + HCL
3 - Termination - Radicals react with each other e.g:
*Cl + *Cl -> Cl2
*CH3 + *CH3 -> C2H6

Question 3

What conditions must free radical substitution take place in?

Answer 3

High temperatures or UV light

Question 4

Give the conditions, nucleophiles and mechanism for the nucleophillic subsitution of CH3CH2BR using Ammonia.