Organic definitions and formula Flashcards
What is an addition reaction?
A reaction where a molecule joins an unsaturated molecule to produce a saturated molecule.
What does aromatic mean?
Organic compounds containing one or more benzene rings.
What is a carbocation?
A positive ion with a positive charge on a carbon atom.
What is dehydrogenation?
Elimination of hydrogen.
What is dehydration?
Elimination of water.
What are electrophiles and nucleophiles?
Electrophile - Lone pair accepter.
Nucleophile - Lone pair donator.
What is a free radical?
Species with an unpaired electron.
What is a functional group?
An attached group that is responsible for the properties of a molecule.
What is a homologous series?
A family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties.
What is hydrolysis?
A reaction involving the breaking of a bond using water,
What are stereoisomers and name two?
Stereoisomers are molecules with the same molecular and structural formula but a different spatial arrangement of atoms. Geometric and optical are examples.
What are geometric isomers?
Molecules with a different arrangement of groups around a C=C (e.g. EZ).
What are optical isomers?
Molecules that are non-superimposable mirror images.
What are structural isomers and name 3?
Structural isomers have the same molecular formula but different structures. Examples include position, functional group, and chain isomers.
What is a chain isomer?
Structural isomers that differ by having a different carbon chain.
