Organic compounds containing oxygen Flashcards
How do you form a alchol from halogenoalkane?
Nucelophillic substitution.
Refluxing halogenoalkane and aqueous sodium hydroxide.
How do you form a alchol from an aldehyde and ketone?
React sodium tetrahydridoborate (III) dissolved in water with aldehyde/ketone.
React lithium tetrahydridoaluminate (III) dissovled in ethoxyethane with aldehyde/ketone.
How do you form an ester from alchol and acid chloride?
primary and secondary alchols with acid chloride produces an ester and hydrogen chloride.
How do you form an ester from alcohol and a carboxylic acid?
Primary and secondary alcohol with carboxylic acid, conc. sulfuric acid used as catalyst. The mixture is refluxed and then neturalised by sodium hydrogencarbonate solution in separting funnel.
How do you dehydrate alcohols?
Method: Alchol warmed and vapour passed over aluminium oxide.
Product: Alkene
How do you oxidise a primary alcohol?
Primary alcohol is oxidised by acidfied potassium dichromate.
Once a aldehyde is formed it needs to be distilled off before it forms carboxylic acid.
Colour change from orange to green.
What is a phenol?
Benzene ring with hydroxyl group bonded directly to the ring.
What is a carbonyl compund?
A compund that contains carbonyl group
What does an aldehyde and cyanide form?
Nitrile, it also increases the carbon chain, “going up the homologus”.
What are the physical properties of carboxylic acid?
Lower members are colourless liquids with sharp smell.
