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Biology > Organic Compounds > Flashcards

Organic Compounds Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name the large biological molecules

A

Carbohydrate, proteins, nucleic acids and lipids

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2
Q

What are the types of carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides

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3
Q

Lipids consists of….

A

Fats+steroids

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4
Q

The carbon atoms of organic compounds can also bond with other elements, most commonly…..

A

Hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

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5
Q

What’s polymers?

A

A large molecule made my stringing together many smaller molecules called monomers

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6
Q

What is the monomers of carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharides

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7
Q

What’s the monomer of proteins?

A

Amino acids

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8
Q

What’s the monomer of Nucleic acids?

A

Nucleotides

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9
Q

What digestion do to macromolecule?

A

Breaks it down to make monomers available to your cells

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10
Q

What’s the different uses of carbohydrates between animals and plants

A

For animals is a primary source of dietary energy but in plants is serves as building material

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11
Q

Can monosaccharides be broken into small sugar?

A

No

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12
Q

Examples of monosaccharides

A

Glucose and fructose (both are found in honey)

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13
Q

What disaccharide made of?

A

A molecule made or two monosaccharides. Or double sugar

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14
Q

What reaction the disaccharides need to be made?

A

Dehydration

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15
Q

Sucrose is a disaccharide made of…..

A

Glucose and fructose (found in fruits)

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16
Q

Lactose is a disaccharide made of…..

A

Galactose and glucose (found in milk

17
Q

polysaccharides made of?

A

A complex carbohydrates composed of three or more monosaccharides

18
Q

What’s types of polysaccharides?

A

Starch, glycogen and cellulose

19
Q

What is starch used for? And what is it made from?

A

Used by plants cell to store energy and it’s made of glucose

20
Q

What is glycogen used for?

A

Used by animal cells to store energy

21
Q

What’s cellulose used for?

A

Form cable like in plants cell wall

22
Q

What’s the polysaccharides that can’t be broken down by animals enzymes

A

Cellulose

23
Q

What is the definition of isomers?

A

Molecules that have the same molecular forms but different structures

24
Q

What are examples of isomers

A

Glucose and fructose

25
Q

Carbohydrates are (hydrophobic-hydrophilic)

A

Hydrophilic

26
Q

Lipids are (hydrophobic-hydrophilic)

A

Hydrophobic

27
Q

Why lipids aren’t considered macromolecules?

A

Lipids are small and not polymers built from repeating monomers
They are made from different molecular building blocks

28
Q

Fats(triglycerides) are consist of…

A

Glycerol molecule joined with three fatty acids molecules

29
Q

What’s the reactions that used in fats?

A

Dehydration reaction

30
Q

What are types of fats?

A

Saturated and unsaturated

31
Q

What’s the differences between saturated and unsaturated?

A

Saturated are single bonded and solid at room temperature and maximum numbers of hydrogen
Unsaturated are double bonded and liquid……and fewer….

32
Q

What is the trans fat?

A

When making an unsaturated to saturated by using hydrogen

33
Q

Hydrocarbons definition

A

An organic molecule made up or only carbon and nydrogen atoms

34
Q

Building Block of
Polypeptide

A

Amino acids

35
Q

Saturated fat definition

A

Fat in which all three fatty acid chains contain the maximum possible number of
Ihvdrogen atoms. -solid at room temperature

36
Q

Unsaturated fat

A

A lipid made from fatty acids that have at least one double bond between carbon
atoms. -liquid at room temperature

37
Q

Carbohydrates definition

A

Class of molecules that include sugar and polymers of sugar

38
Q

Stretch definition

A

A storage polysaccharide that consist of long strings of glucose monomers in plants

Biology (5 decks)

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