Organic Chemistry Pt. 2

Question 1

What is the formula for a Substituation reaction of an alkane?

Answer 1

Alkane + Halogen → Organic Halide + Acid

Question 2

What is the formula for a Substituation reaction of an aromatic and cycloalkane?

Answer 2

Cycloalkane/Aromatic + Halogen → Organic Halide + Acid

Question 3

What is the special condition in an alkane substituation?

Answer 3

heat or UV radiation

Question 4

What are addition reactions similar to in grade 10 Chemsitry?

Answer 4

Synthesis reaction (A+B=AB)

Question 5

What happens in an addition reaction between an alkene and alkyne?

Answer 5

• The double/triple bond breaks
• Two reactants form one product

Question 6

T or F: Any reaction (with the exception of substitution reactions) that involves a halide will react with special conditions.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

What is the product of a Halogenation (addition) reaction?

Answer 7

alkyl halide

Question 8

What is the formula for a Hydrohalogenation reaction?

Answer 8

Alkene/Alkyne + Halogen Acid → Organic Halide

Question 9

What is Markovnikov’s Rule?

Answer 9

When an alkene or alkyne reacts with a hydrogen halide (or water) the hydrogen (H) has a strong tendency to bond with the carbon that already has more H’s already attached. (The Rich get Richer)

Question 10

What is the formula of a hydrogenation reaction?

Answer 10

Alkene/Alkyne + Hydrogen → Alkane

Question 11

What is needed to make a hydrogenation reaction occur?

Answer 11

A catalyst

Question 12

What is a Hydration reaction?

Answer 12

An addition reaction that involves the addition of water (H-OH

Question 13

What are the conditions required in a Hydration reaction?

Answer 13

Heat and an acid catalyst

Question 14

What do Elimination reactions generally need to occur?

Answer 14

A strong acid or base to act as a catalyst

Question 15

What is an elimination reaction?

Answer 15

A reaction where atoms are removed from an organic molecule and a double bond form (opposite of an addition reaction)

Question 16

What is the formula of a dehydration reaction?

Answer 16

Alcohol → Alkene + Water

Question 17

What is the opposite of a hydration reaction?

Answer 17

A dehydration reaction

Question 18

What happens in a dehydration reaction?

Answer 18

• The OH and H of an alkane is removed to form an H20 bond together
• The alkane then forms a double bond while water is another product

Question 19

What are the possible products of an Oxidation reaction?

Answer 19

Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Question 20

State the product: Ketone + [O] → ?

Answer 20

No Reaction!

• A carboxylic acid can only form from an aldehyde an an oxygen since carboxylic acids can only form at the end of a carbon chain

Question 21

What are the products and reactants of an Oxidation reaction of a primary alcohol?

Answer 21

1° alcohol + [O] → aldehyde + water

Question 22

What are the products and reactants of an Oxidation reaction of a secondary alcohol?

Answer 22

2° alcohol + [O] → ketone + water

Question 23

What are the products and reactants of an Oxidation reaction of a tertiary alcohol?

Answer 23

3° alcohol + [O] → NO REACTION

• This is because there aren’t available carbon bonds

Question 24

What are the products and reactants of an Oxidation reaction of an aldehyde?

Answer 24

Aldehyde + [O] → Carboxylic acid

Question 25

What are the special conditions of an Oxidation reaction?

Answer 25

• An oxidizing compound
• An acid catalyst (H2SO4)

Question 26

What are the possible products in a condensation reaction?

Answer 26

Ethers, Esters, and Amides

Question 27

Rank the following functional groups from the least polar to the most polar:
carboxylic acid
ketone
alcohol
alkane
alkyl halide

Answer 27

1. Alkane
2. Alkyl Halide
3. Ketone
4. Alcohol
5. Carboxylic Acid

Question 28

To form an Ether, what special condition is needed?

Answer 28

An Acid catalyst

Question 29

What reactants are needed to form an ether?

Answer 29

Two alcohols