Organic Chemistry Properties Chapter 2

Question 1

Sour tangy taste and will turn blue litmus paper red. For example, vinegar.

Answer 1

Carboxylic Acid

Question 2

Has special properties that are different than those of other ring structures due to its alternating double bonds. Tend to be fragrant

Answer 2

Aromatics

Question 3

Unsaturated hydrocarbons

Answer 3

Alkenes and Alkynes

Question 4

Involved in chemical signals in insects such as pheromones; also in some nail polish removers

Answer 4

Ketones

Question 5

Synthetic ones used to to flavor processed foods and as scents in cosmetics and perfumes

Answer 5

Ester

Question 6

Much higher boiling point than parent alkanes but lower than carboxylic acids….can H-bond…various molecules differ in toxicities

Answer 6

Alcohol

Question 7

Unpleasant odour such as rotting fish and animal flesh from the breakdown of proteins

Answer 7

Amines

Question 8

Gives bitter almond and vanilla its essence
But shorter chains have a strong unpleasant odour.
The shortest chain one is carcinogenic and is used to preserve specimens

Answer 8

Aldehydes

Question 9

Used in refrigerators and air conditioners, non-stick coating, DDT and PCB.

Answer 9

Organic Halides/Alkyl Haldies

Question 10

A reaction in which a hydrogen atom is replaced by another atom or group of atoms;
reaction of alkanes or aromatics with halogens to produce organic halides and hydrogen halides

Answer 10

Substitution Reaction

Question 11

A reaction that results in the removal of water

Answer 11

Dehydration

Question 12

The reaction of a substance with oxygen, producing oxides and energy

Answer 12

Combustion Reaction

Question 13

Any reaction involving the addition of oxygen atoms or the loss of hydrogen atoms

Answer 13

Oxidation Reaction

Question 14

A reaction in which a bond is broken by the addition of the components of water, with the formation of two or more products

Answer 14

Hydrolysis Reaction

Question 15

A type of organic reaction that results in the loss of a small molecule from a larger molecule;
eg, the removal of H2 from an alkane

Answer 15

Elimination Reaction

Question 16

A reaction in which two molecules combine to form a larger product, with the elimination of a small molecule such as water or an alcohol.

Answer 16

Condensation

Question 17

A reaction of alkenes and alkynes in which a molecule, such as hydrogen or a halogen, is added to a double or triple bond.

Answer 17

Addition reaction