Organic Chemistry ll Flashcards
What are alcohols?
organic molecules containing -OH functional group
Formula for Methanol?
CH3OH
Formula for ethanol
C2H5OH
Formula for Propanol
C3H7OH
Formula for Butanol
C4H9OH
Ethanol molecular formula
C2H6O
Structural formula for ethanol
CH3 CH2 OH
What are the two methods to manufacture ethanol
Hydration of Ethene
Fermentation of Glucose
What is the hydration of Ethene
Ethene gas is mixed with steam
Conditions for Hydration of ethene
300 degrees Celsius
65 atm pressure
Phosphoric acid catalyst
What raw material is used in the hydration of ethene
Crude oil provides Ethene
Advantages to the hydration of Ethene
Makes pure ethanol
Can run continuously
Disadvantages of Hydration of ethene
Non renewable raw material used
Conditions require a lot of energy - expensive
What is the fermentation of glucose?
Glucose is fermented microbiologically
What are the conditions for fermentation of glucose
Yeast - provides enzymes
30 degrees Celsius - optimum temp for enzymes
Anaerobic - prevents oxidation
Raw material used in the fermentation of glucose
Sugar cane provides the glucose
Advantages of fermentation of glucose
Renewable raw material used
Conditions not energy intensive
Disadvantages of glucose fermentation
Must be done in individual batches
Makes impure ethanol
What are the three ways ethanol can be oxidised
Combustion
Microbial Oxidation
Chemical Oxidation
What is the result of ethanol combustion
Non luminous, Blue flame