Organic Chemistry and Isomerism Flashcards
What is the general formula for Alkanes?
CnH2n+2.
What is the Homologous Series?
A series of compounds with similar structure in which each member differs from the next by a CH2 unit.
All members of a homologous series have… (4)
Same general formula.
Same functional group.
Similar chemical properties.
A gradual change in physical properties.
What is the general formula for Alcohols?
CnH2n+1OH.
What is the general formula for Alkenes?
CnH2n.
5 Carbon atoms =
Pent
2 Carbon atoms =
Eth
4 Carbon atoms =
But
9 Carbon atoms =
Non
10 Carbon atoms =
Dec
1 Carbon atom =
Meth
3 Carbon atoms =
Prop
6 Carbon atoms =
Hex
7 Carbon atoms =
Sept
8 Carbon atoms =
Oct
Name CH3CH2CH2Br.
1-bromopropane.
Name CH3CH2CHClCH3.
2-chlorobutane.
Name (CH3)2CHCH2CH3.
2-methylbutane.
State what is meant by the term Structural Isomers.
Structural isomers are defined as having the same molecular formula but different structural formula.
Name (CH3)3CCH2CH(CH3)2.
2,2,4-trimethylpentane.
Explain why 2,2-dichloro-3-methylpentane is a structural isomer of 2,2-dichlorohexane.
They both have the same molecular formula, C6H12Cl2, but different structural formula.
The three types of Structural Isomers are…
Chain
Positional
Functional
Displayed formula shows..
The relative placing of atoms and the number of bonds between them.
Skeletal formula is used to show..
A simplified organic formula by removing hydrogen atoms from alkyl chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton and associated functional groups.
The general formula represents..
Any member of a homologous series.
Give the IUPAC name of the position isomer of but-1-ene.
But-2-ene.
Give the IUPAC name of the chain isomer of but-1-ene.
2-methylprop-1-ene.
