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Chemistry : Unit 1 > Amount of Substance > Flashcards

Amount of Substance Flashcards

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0
Q

Equation to find the number of moles?

A

n = mass / mr
Moles = Mass / Mr
mass in g

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1
Q

One mole is equal to… (Avogadro’s Constant, L)

A

6.023 x 10^23

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2
Q

Grams (g) to Kilograms (Kg)?

A

Divide by 1000.

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3
Q

cm^3 to dm^3.

A

Divide by 1000.

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4
Q

dm^3 to m^3.

A

Divide by 1000.

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5
Q

cm^3 to m^3.

A

Divide by 1000000.

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6
Q

Equation to find the mass?

A 
Mass = Moles x Mr
Mass = n x Mr
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7
Q

Percentage Yield Equation?

A

% Yield = Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield x 100

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8
Q

Percentage Atom Economy Equation?

A

% Atom Economy = Mass of desired product / Total mass of reactants x 100

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9
Q

Standard pressure?

A

100kPa (1 atm)

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10
Q

Standard temperature?

A

273K (0 Degrees Celsius)

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11
Q

Gaseous Moles Equation?

A

n = v(cm^3) / 24000

or

n = v(dm^3) / 24

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12
Q

Calculating volumes of gases in equations? (Definition)

A

1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4dm^3 at standard temperature and pressure.

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13
Q

Molarity/Concentration Equation?

A 
n = MV(cm^3) / 1000
Moles = Molarity x Volume / 1000
M = n x 1000 / V(cm^3) 
Molarity = Moles x 1000 / Volume
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14
Q

The Ideal Gas Equation?

A 
pV = nRT
p = pressure in Pa
V = volume in m^3
n = number of moles
R = the gas constant 8.31JK(-1) mol (-1)
T = temperature in K
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15
Q

kPa to Pa?

A

Multiply by 1000.

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16
Q

Degree Celsius to Kelvin?

A

Add 273

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17
Q

Concentration/Molarity is measured in…

A

mol dm^3

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18
Q

State Symbol s is…

A

Solid.

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19
Q

State Symbol g is…

A

Gas.

20
Q

State Symbol aq is…

A

Aqueous (solution in water).

21
Q

What are Titrations used for?

A

Titrations are used to find out the concentration of an acid or an alkali.

22
Q

State Symbol l is…

A

Liquid.

23
Q

Titration needs… (4)

A
  • A standard solution with an accurately known concentration.
  • A graduated burette to deliver precise volumes of one of the solutions.
  • A conical flask to hold a precise volume of the other solution, measured using a transfer pipette.
  • An indicator.
24
Q

What is a Titre?

A

The volume of titrant needed to react completely with the reagent in the flask.

25
Q

What is Empirical Formula?

A

The empirical formula of a compound gives the simplest ratio of the number of atoms of each element in a molecule/entity.

26
Q

What is Molecular Formula?

A

The molecular formula of a compound gives the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule/entity.

27
Q

What is Atom Economy?

A

Atom Economy is a measure of the proportion of reactant atoms that become part of the desired product in the balanced chemical equation.

28
Q

What is Theoretical Yield?

A

The mass of product that should be formed in a chemical reaction.

29
Q

Bromomethane is reacted with Sodium Hydroxide to make Methanol:

CH3Br + NaOH > CH3OH + NaBr

Calculate the atom economy of this reaction.

A

23.7%

30
Q

Calculate the amount, in moles, of TiCl4 in 165g.

A 
Moles = Mass / Mr
n = 165 / 189.9
n = 0.87 moles
31
Q

A sample of Magnesium Nitrate decomposed to produce 0.402 mol of gas. Calculate the volume, in dm^3, that this gas would occupy at 333K and 1.00 x 10^5. (The gas constant R = 8.31 JK(-1) mol (-1) )

A 
pV = nRT
p = 100000 Pa
V = ?
n = 0.402 mol
R = 8.31 JK(-1) mol (-1)
T = 333 K
100000 x V = 0.402 x 8.31 x 333
100000 x V = 1112.42646
1112.42646 / 100000 = V
V = 0.0111 m^3
m^3 > dm^3 = Multiply by 1000.
0.0111 x 1000 = 11.1
11.1 dm^3
32
Q

An oxide of Nitrogen contains 25.9% by mass of Nitrogen. Determine the empirical formula of this oxide.

A

N O

  1. 9 74.1
  2. 9/14 74.1/16
  3. 85 4.631
  4. 631 / 1.85 = 2.5 (x2)
    2: 5

N2O5

33
Q

Suggest one possible danger when a metal carbonate is reached with an acid in a sealed flask.

A

An explosion = Glass breaks.

34
Q

A solution containing 0.732 mol of Ammonia was made up to 250cm^3 in a volumetric flask by adding water. Calculate the concentration of Ammonia in this final solution and state the appropriate units.

A

Molarity = Moles x 1000/V(cm^3)
M = 0.732 x 1000 / 250
M = 2.93
2.93 mol dm(-3)

35
Q

The reaction of Magnesium Nitride, Mg3N2, with water produced Ammonia and Magnesium Hydroxide. Write an equation for this reaction.

A

Mg3N2 + 6H2O = 2NH3 + 3Mg(OH)2

36
Q

The amount of substance that contains 6.022 x 10^23 particles is called…

A

A mole.

37
Q

The definition of the Avogadro constant is…

A

The number of atoms in 12g of Carbon - 12.

38
Q

Boyle’s Law?

A

The product of pressure and volume is a constant as long as the temperature remains constant.

39
Q

Boyle’s Law Equation?

A

PV = constant.

40
Q

Charles’ Law Equation?

A

V ~ T and V/T = constant.

41
Q

Charles’ Law?

A

The volume is proportional to the temperature as long as the pressure remains constant.

42
Q

Gay-Lussac’s Law Equation? (Constant volume law)

A

P ~ T and P/T = constant.

Combining these relationships gives us the equation:

PV/T = constant for a fixed mass of gas

43
Q

Gay-Lussac’s Law? (Constant volume law)

A

The pressure is proportional to the temperature as long as the volume remains constant.

44
Q

2 mol dm(-3) means…

A

There are 2 moles of solute per cubic decimetre of solution.

45
Q

1 decimetre is…

A

10cm.

46
Q

One cubic decimetre, 1dm^3 is…

A

1000cm^3.

47
Q

What is ibuprofen?

A

A mild painkiller and anti-inflammatory drug.

Chemistry : Unit 1 (6 decks)

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