Organic Chemistry Flashcards
All organic compounds….
- Contains carbon which must have 4 bonds
- Covalent bonds
- Low melting points
- Low boiling points
- React slowly, due to complex bonding
- Can form large molecules
Organic compounds contain the elements
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
- Phosphorus
- Sulphur
Carbon Atoms….
Atoms bond together to make straight chains, branched chains or rings.
- strong covalent bonds
- these bonds can be single double or triple
Saturated bonds are
single bonds
Unsaturated bonds are
double and triple bonds
Carbon atoms often bond with hydrogen to make
hydrocarbons !!
Homologous Series
Groups of compounds with similar chemical properties
Alkanes
all hydrocarbons with single carbon-carbon bonds and general formula CnH2n+2
Alkenes
all hydrocarbons with at least one carbon-carbon double bond and general formula CnH2n
As the number of carbon atoms increases….
the physical properties of the compounds change
As the number of carbon atoms increases what happens to the mass….
Mass increases
As the number of carbon atoms increases what happens to the intermolecular forces
Intermolecular forces strengthen: leading to an increase in melting and boiling point
As the number of carbon atoms increases what happens to the compounds
Compounds become more viscous, less volatile and more difficult to burn
When the number of carbon atoms is 1 what is the prefix ?
Meth-
When the number of carbon atoms is 2 what is the prefix ?
Eth-
