Organic Chemistry Flashcards
What type of bond in Nucleic acids in nucleotides
Phosphodiester
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/801/804/q_image_thumb.png?1591866401)
Alcohol
Hydroxyl
Cell Wall
- gives, cell shape / strength / support;
- prevents bursting (when water enters cell by osmosis);
- fully permeable;
The bond that joins the two molecules to form a disaccharide
Glycosidic
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/801/956/q_image_thumb.png?1591866741)
Carboxyl
Esters
Esters are a combination of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol where the O-H from the carboxylic acid and the H from the alcohol combine to form water
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/803/622/q_image_thumb.png?1591869777)
Termination of Free Radical
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/802/069/q_image_thumb.png?1591866923)
Amino
Amines
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/803/965/q_image_thumb.png?1591870560)
Chloroplast
Cell Wall
Vacuole
DNA
- deoxyribose (sugar)
- phosphate (group);
- nitrogenous / purine or pyrimidine) base
- Adenine
- Guanine
- Cytosine
- Thymine
Hex-
6C
What type of bonds in Monosaccharides units in sugar
Glycosidic
Active Site
The area on enzyme to which a substrate binds
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/812/489/q_image_thumb.png?1591881922)
A - Glycoprotein - Interegal Protein: carrier molecule
B - Phospholipid Bilayer - waterproofing
C - Carbohydrate - receptor
D - Cholesterol: Provide structure, regulate fluidity
Oct-
8C
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/803/473/q_image_thumb.png?1591869679)
Initiation of Free Radical
plasma (cell surface) membrane
- controls exchange between cell and environment / selectively permeable; R water
- receptors for, cell recognition / attachment;
- fluid to allow, endocytosis / exocytosis;
Nucleic Acid
Sugar/base/phosphate
Metaphase
The chromosomes align on the equator of the spindle
CoFactor
The general name given to a non-protein helper which helps an enzyme to function
Induced fit hypothesis
The model of enzyme-substrate binding whereby an enzyme adjusts to fit the substrate
Golgi Apparatus
processes, molecules / proteins; AW
use in secretion
lysosome formation
Competitive Inhibitor
- substrate and inhibitor are a similar shape
- able to, bind / fit into / block, active site;
- (shape) complementary to active site
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/803/090/q_image_thumb.png?1591868847)
Tertiary Amine
3H have been replaced by R Groups
Mitochondria
- formation ATP / suitable energy ref.;
- aerobic respiration;
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/803/662/q_image_thumb.png?1591869846)
A - Golgi apparatus/body
B - Centriole
C - Nucleolus
D - Nuclear Membrane or Nucleus
E - Mitochondrion
F - Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cholesterol
lipids / cholesterol, hydrophobic / non-polar
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/809/542/q_image_thumb.png?1591877907)
They share an O and lose 2H and O
Its a condensation reaction resulting in 3 H2O
Ester bond
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/811/942/q_image_thumb.png?1591881323)
U - Amino
V - Carboxylic Acid
Tissue
collection / group, of cells (of one or more types); [1]
(cells), working together OR with, common / same, function; [1]
Vacuole
- reservoir of, salts / sugars / waste / pigment / other e.g.;
- ref. to, turgor / support / controlling Ψ (Water Potential)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/802/134/q_image_thumb.png?1591867073)
Halo
Halogen-hydrocarbons
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/806/689/q_image_thumb.png?1591874029)
Geometric Isomer
Nucleus / DNA
- controls, activities of cell / transcription / named activity / cell division;
- contains genetic information that can be transmitted to next generation;
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/806/660/q_image_thumb.png?1591874008)
Structural Isomer
Formation of Primary Structure of Protein
Amino acid monomers join to form a dipeptide [1]
Process involves removal of water and is a condensation reaction [1]
A carboxyl group from amino acid (OH) is removed together with an H atom from another acid [1]
But -
4C
Protein Production in Rough ER
- Proteins are pinched off vesicles in the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum/RER
- Proteins are transported in vesicles to the Golgi Apparatus
- Proteins are modified in the Golgi Apparatus/Have carbohydrates added to the proteins
- Modified proteins are placed into vesicles
- Modified proteins are released from the plasma membrane/Exocytosis
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/802/930/q_image_thumb.png?1591868541)
Primary Amine
Replace 1 H with an R group
RNA
- ribose (sugar);
- uracil instead thymine
- single stranded
- 3 forms (RNA, mRNA, tRNA)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/313/801/916/q_image_thumb.png?1591866676)
Carboxyl
Carboxylic Acids
What type of bond in Fatty acids to glycerol in triacylglycerols
Ester