Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry 3 > Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Give the molecular formula of ethane

A

C2H6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Give the molecular formula of propane

A

C3H8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give the molecular formula of butane

A

C4H10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Give the molecular formula of pentane

A

C5H12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Give the molecular formula of ethene

A

C2H4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Give the molecular formula of propene

A

C3H6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Give the molecular formula of methanol

A

CH3OH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give the molecular formula of ethanol

A

C2H5OH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Give the molecular formula of propanol

A

C3H7OH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the chain isomer of propanol called and where in its structure does OH go?

A

Propan-2-ol, the OH goes on the middle carbon on the bottom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the process that produces carbon dioxide and ethanol

A

Fermentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Give the word equation for fermentation

A

Glucose —> Carbon dioxide + ethanol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Give the balanced symbol equation for fermentation

A

C6H12O6 —> 2CO2 + 2C2H5OH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is ethanol obtained from the reaction mixture in fermentation?

A

By distillation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What method is used for fermentation?

A

A bioreactor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Inside the bioreactor, what two types of fermentation can be used?

A

Batch or continuous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Give the advantages of batch fermentation

A

Highest % of ethanol produced, little risk of infection or strain mutation and it is versatile (can be used for different reactions everyday)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Give the advantages of continuous fermentation

A

Low labour cost, efficient due to the

autocatalytic nature of microbial reactions and constant product quality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Give the disadvantages of batch fermentation

A

High labour cost due to the requirement of skilled labour, time is spent on sterilisation, growth of inoculum and cleaning and it has safety problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Give the disadvantages of continuous fermentation

A

Lower % of ethanol produced, it is inflexible and can’t be used for other productions without retro-fitting, and production can fail due to an infection or the spontaneous mutation of microorganisms to a non producing strain

21
Q

What are the reaction conditions needed for fermentation?

A

Presence of yeast, a temperature of 30-35*C, sugars being in solution
(mashing of grain or fruit if necessary) and the exclusion of air, which provides low oxygen concentrations

22
Q

What are the limits of fermentation?

A

Yeast is killed by ethanol concentrations exceeding 15%, which limits the purity of ethanol that can be produced

23
Q

What % of pure ethanol can be separated from the mixture by fractional distillation?

A

96%

24
Q

What us ethanol used for, besides alcohol?

A

As a fuel and as a solvent

25
Q

Why can ethanol be used as a fuel by itself?

A

It burns to produce carbon dioxide and water

26
Q

What can ethanol be mixed with to make a fuel?

A

Petrol

27
Q

How does using ethanol as a fuel benefit countries without an oil supply?

A

It is produced by fermentation, and countries wouldn’t have to import foreign oil so could reduce costs

28
Q

How is ethanol used as a solvent, with an example?

A

To dissolve organic compounds that are insoluble in water, eg in perfumes

29
Q

What are the economic impacts of using ethanol as a fuel?

A

The fuel can be taxed to generate money, and it creates jobs

30
Q

What are the social impacts of using ethanol as a fuel?

A

It creates jobs and means better performance in cars

31
Q

What are the environmental impacts of using ethanol as a fuel?

A

Can reduce CO2 emissions by 40%, the source of fuel comes from food waste and it is carbon neutral

32
Q

Give the molecular formula of of methane

A

CH4

33
Q

How do you produce ethanoic acid from ethanol?

A

Oxidise ethanol to produce ethanal, and then oxidise ethanal to produce ethanoic acid

34
Q

What type of acid is ethanoic acid?

A

A weak carboxylic acid

35
Q

What are the social advantages of alcohol?

A

Drinking alcohol is relaxing, and has some health benefits eg drinking red wine in moderation

36
Q

What are the social disadvantages of alcohol?

A

Alcohol causes antisocial behaviour, drink driving, aggression and public disorder, the government tax alcohol

37
Q

What are the economic disadvantages of alcohol?

A

Fermentation is expensive, the police and NHS spend time and money on public disorder

38
Q

What does the reaction between a metal and an acid produce?

A

Salt + hydrogen

39
Q

What does the reaction between a metal carbonate and an acid produce?

A

Salt + carbon dioxide + water

40
Q

What does the reaction between an avid and a base produce?

A

Salt + water

41
Q

What happens to litmus paper when a) ethanoic acid is added b) sulfuric acid is added?

A

a) Litmus paper stays red

b) Litmus paper stays red

42
Q

What happens to universal indicator solution when a) ethanoic acid is added
b) sulfuric acid is added?

A

a) Orange

b) Bright red

43
Q

What happens when reaction metal Mg is added to a) ethanoic acid b) sulfuric acid?

A

a) Fizzes, bubbles

b) Exothermic, fizzes more, bubbles

44
Q

What happens when metal carbonate Na2CO3 is added to a) ethanoic acid
b) sulfuric acid?

A

a) Fizzes, bubbles

b) Fizz more, bubbles

45
Q

Does ethanoic acid or sulfuric acid require more NaOH to neutralise it and why?

A

Sulfuric as it is a stronger acid

46
Q

What happens to acids in water?

A

They ionise to produce hydrogen ions, H+

47
Q

What happens to strong acids in water?

A

They fully ionise

eg HCL —> H+ + Cl-

48
Q

What happens to weak acids in water?

A

They don’t ionise fully, but form an equilibrium mixture

49
Q

Give the formula for ethanoic acid

A

CH3COOH

Chemistry 3 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions