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Chemistry Year 9 > Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Crude Oil?

A

a mixture of hydrocarbons formed over millions of years underground. It is
separated out using fractional distillation.

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2
Q

What are some examples of refinery gases?

A

Bottled gas, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, fuel oil, bitumen

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3
Q

What type of fuel is gasoline primarily used for?

A

Cars

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4
Q

What is kerosene commonly used as?

A

Aircraft fuel

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5
Q

What vehicles use diesel as fuel?

A

Cars, lorries, buses

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6
Q

What is fuel oil used for?

A

Ships, power stations

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7
Q

What is bitumen primarily used for?

A

Roads & roofs

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8
Q

What are small molecules characterized by?

A

Low boiling point, very volatile, flows easily, ignites easily

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9
Q

What are large molecules characterized by?

A

High boiling point, not very volatile, does not flow easily, does not ignite easily

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: Small molecules have a _______ boiling point.

A

Low

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11
Q

True or False: Large molecules ignite easily.

A

False

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12
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

A

A compound containing carbon and hydrogen only

Hydrocarbons are the simplest organic compounds.

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13
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

A group of chemicals where all members share the same general formula

This concept helps in understanding the relationship between different compounds.

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14
Q

Name two examples of hydrocarbons.

A
  • Alkanes
  • Alkenes

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, while alkenes are unsaturated.

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: A hydrocarbon is a compound containing _______ and hydrogen only.

A

carbon

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16
Q

True or False: All members of a homologous series have different general formulas.

A

False

All members share the same general formula.

17
Q

What is an isomer?

A

Compounds with the SAME MOLECULAR formula but different structural formulas.

Example: Compounds with the formula C4H10 but different structures.

18
Q

What do hydrocarbons produce when they burn completely in oxygen?

A

Carbon dioxide and water.

This process is known as complete combustion.

19
Q

What occurs during incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons?

A

Carbon monoxide and water are produced.

Incomplete combustion happens when oxygen levels are low.

20
Q

Fill in the blank: When hydrocarbons burn COMPLETELY in oxygen, they produce _______.

A

carbon dioxide and water.

21
Q

True or False: Isomers have different molecular formulas.

A

False.

Isomers have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.

22
Q

What is produced during incomplete combustion when oxygen levels are low?

A

Carbon monoxide and water.

Chemistry Year 9 (5 decks)

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