Organic Chemistry

Question 1

Crude Oil properties

Answer 1

Formed over millions of years from fossilised remains of plankton

A finite (found in earths crust)

Question 2

What are Hydrocarbons

Answer 2

Molecules made out of only Hydrogen + Carbon atoms

Question 3

Large Hydrocarbons

Answer 3

More Viscous
Higher Boiling Point - MORE ENERGY NEEDED TO OVERCOME STRONGER INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
Less Volatile
Ignites Less Easily

Question 4

Fractional Distillation Method

Answer 4

1) Crude Oil is heated until it evaporates
2) The Vapour moves up fractional column
3) Top of column is much colder than the bottom
4) Shorter hydrocarbon molecules can reach the top of the fractionating column before they condense and collected
5) Longer hydrocarbon molecules condense at higher temp - collected lower down the column

Question 5

Alkanes Properties

Answer 5

Saturated
Unreactive but burn well
carbon atoms Linked to 4 other atoms by single bonds

CnH2n+2

Question 6

Methane

Answer 6

CH4

Question 7

Ethane

Answer 7

C2H6

Question 8

Propane

Answer 8

C3H8

Question 9

Complete Combustion

Answer 9

Fuel + Oxygen => Carbon Dioxide + Water

Question 10

Incomplete Combustion

Answer 10

Fuel + Oxygen => Carbon Monoxide/Carbon + Water

Question 11

Properties of Alkene

Answer 11

Unsaturated

Hydrocarbon with at least 1 double bond

CnH2n

Question 12

What is Cracking

Answer 12

Alkanes produces are valuable as fuels
High Demand for fuels with small hydrocarbons
easy to ignite low boiling points

Question 13

Steam Cracking

Answer 13

Hydrocarbons mixed with steam

Heated to 850*C

Question 14

Catalytic Cracking

Answer 14

The Hydrocarbons are heated until they vaporise
The vapour is passed over a hot aluminium oxide catalyst
A Thermal decomposition reaction then takes place