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Chemistry > Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three types of displaying formula?

A

Molecular formula
Structural formula
Displayed formula

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2
Q

Complete the sentence: Crude oil is a dark _______ ______ that is a mixture of hydrocarbons of different lengths.

A

Viscous liquid

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3
Q

How long does it take to make crude oil?
A: 10 Years
B: 100 Years
C: Thousands of years
D: Millions of years

A

D. Crude oil takes millions of years as it takes time for the animals to form crude oil

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4
Q

How was crude oil formed?

A

There were animals and plants in the sea. When they die they fall to the bottom of the ocean. They get covered in mud. Over time, layers of rock builds up on top. The rocks put the dead organism in hot, high pressure, low oxygen conditions. Over millions of years, these conditions formed crude oil

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5
Q

What are hydrocarbons?

A

A compound made up of only hydrogen and carbon atoms

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6
Q

What is fractional distillation?

A

It is a way to separate a mixture of liquids by boiling the substance, then condensing and collecting it.

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7
Q

What are the 2 most simple types of hydrocarbons?
A: Hydrogen and Carbon
B: Saturated and unsaturated
C: Alkanes and Alkenes
D: Methane and Ethene

A

C. A are the components of Hydrocarbons, B are describing their bonding structure and D is saying the 3 simplest hydrocarbons, not the simplest types.

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8
Q

What are the first 4 alkanes

Give them in order

A

Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane

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9
Q

What does homologous series mean?

A

A group of compounds with similar chemical properties, same functional group, same general formula.

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10
Q

What is the general formula for alkanes?

A

CnH2n+2

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11
Q

What is the general formula for alkenes?

A

CnH2n

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12
Q

If an alkanes had 10 Carbon atoms, how many hydrogen atoms will it have?

A

22

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13
Q

If an alkane had 7 carbon atoms, how many hydrogen atoms will it have?

A

16

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14
Q

If an alkene had 2 Carbon atoms, how many hydrogen will it have?

A

4

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15
Q

If an alkene had 16 Hydrogen atoms, how many Carbon atoms will it have.

A
  1. If you got it wrong, read the question.
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16
Q

Are alkanes saturated or unsaturated?

A

Alkanes are saturated

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17
Q

Are alkenes saturated or unsaturated?

A

Alkenes are unsaturated

18
Q

Why are alkenes more reactive than alkanes?

A

They contain double bonds.

19
Q

What does saturated mean?

A

It means that there are no double bonds, only single bonds

20
Q

What does unsaturated mean?

A

It means that there is at least one carbon-carbon double bond

21
Q

Where can we see that alkenes are more reactive than alkanes?

Hint: Where does alkane not react with something but alkene does?

A

Bromine water

22
Q

(TRENDS) Boiling point?

A

Longer alkanes have higher boiling points

23
Q

(TRENDS) Volatility?

A

Shorter alkanes are more volatile

24
Q

(TRENDS) Flammability?

A

Shorter alkanes are more flammable

25
Q

(TRENDS) Viscosity?

A

Longer alkanes are more viscous

26
Q

What is one of the main uses for hydrocarbons?

A

Fuel

27
Q

What are the two types of combustion?

A

Complete and Incomplete combustion

28
Q

What is complete combustion:
A: When there is insufficient oxygen
B: When there is sufficient oxygen

A

B. No explanation needed.

29
Q

What is incomplete combustion?

A

When there is insufficient oxygen

30
Q

Whish is healthier, unsaturated or saturated?

A

Unsaturated fats

31
Q

Why are unsaturated fats healthier than saturated fats?

A

Unsaturated fats lead to higher HDL in the body, which absorbs and removes Cholesterol from the body.

32
Q

What does saturated fats lead to in the body

A

Cardio-vascular diseases

33
Q

Are unsaturated fats solid or liquid at room temp?

A

Liquid

34
Q

Are saturated fats solid or liquid at room temp?

A

Solid

35
Q

What is the extra part of a fat called?

A

Carboxylic acid

36
Q

(TRENDS) Flames type?

A

Shorter alkanes have cleaner flame

37
Q

(TESTS) Bromine water alkane positive result?

A

Stays orange, no color change

38
Q

(TESTS) Bromine water alkene positive result?

A

Decolorizes Bromine water

39
Q

(TESTS) KMnO4 alkane positive result?

A

Stays purple, no color change

40
Q

(TESTS) KMnO4 alkene positive result?

A

Decolorizes Potassium Permanganate

41
Q

What feature of alkanes does fractional distillation rely on?

A

Different boiling points

42
Q

Are the fractions from fractional distillation pure or mixture and why?

A

Mixture, it condenses over a range of temperatures.

Chemistry (4 decks)

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