Acids and Alkalis

Question 1

What is an indicator?

Answer 1

A special type of chemical that will turn a different colour in an acid or alkali

Question 2

Where do most indicators come from?

Answer 2

Plants

Question 3

Name some common examples of indicators

Answer 3

Universal indicator, litmus paper, litmus solution, red cabbage

Question 4

What colour does litmus paper go in acids?

Answer 4

Red

Question 5

What colour does litmus paper go in alkalis?

Answer 5

Blue

Question 6

What is one thing that universal indicator tells us that litmus paper does not?

Answer 6

The strength of the acid or alkali

Question 7

What is a neutralisation reaction?

Answer 7

A reaction between an acid and an alkali to make salt and water

Question 8

Why can’t the salt initially be seen in the solution after the neutralisation reaction has been carried out?

Answer 8

It is dissolved in the solution

Question 9

What does hydrochloric acid always make?

Answer 9

-Chloride

Question 10

What does sulfuric acid always make?

Answer 10

-Sulfate

Question 11

What does Nitric acid always make?

Answer 11

-Nitrate

Question 12

What forms when an acid and a metal react?

Answer 12

Salt+Hydrogen

Question 13

What are oxides and hydroxides?

Answer 13

Alkalis

Question 14

What is the pH?

Answer 14

A number that tells us how strong an acid or alkali is

Question 15

What is anything 1-6 on the pH scale?

Answer 15

Acid

Question 16

What is anything 8-14 on the pH scale?

Answer 16

Alkali

Question 17

What is pH 7?

Answer 17

Neutral

Question 18

What do the colours on the pH scale represent?

Answer 18

The colour the solution would go if Universal indicator was added

Question 19

What are some common alkalis?

Answer 19

Soap, toothpaste, Bleach, Ammonia

Question 20

What are some properties of Acids?

Answer 20

pH less than 7
Sour taste and sharp odor
They are corrosive and good conductors of electricity
They react with metals to produce hydrogen

Question 21

What are some properties of alkalis?

Answer 21

They have a pH of above 7
They have a bitter taste and slippery soap feel
Alkaline solution turn litmus paper blue
They are water-soluble bases

Question 22

What is a base?

Answer 22

Something that can neutralize an acid/ when react with an acid, forms salt and water

Question 23

What are the two categories of acids?

Answer 23

Mineral and organic acids

Question 24

Are all bases alkalis?

Answer 24

No

Question 25

Are all alkalis bases?

Answer 25

Yes, all alkalis are water soluble bases

Question 26

What is a salt?

Answer 26

Substance produced when a base and an acid and alkali react

Question 27

How is acid rain formed?

Answer 27

Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides mix with clouds to form acid rain

Question 28

What are the effects of acid rain?

Answer 28

It can damage buildings It can corrode metals It can damage plants It can make soil more acidic

Question 29

What is the chemical test for oxygen?

Answer 29

Place a glowing splint in a test tube, if the gas is oxygen, the splint will relight

Question 30

What is the chemical test for Carbon Dioxide?

Answer 30

Bubble CO2 through limewater, if limewater turns cloudy, the gas is CO2

Question 31

What is the chemical test for hydrogen?

Answer 31

Lighted splint will ignite and make a squeaky pop