organic chemistry Flashcards
How was crude oil formed
What does it consist mostly ofl
plankton buried underwater and compressed over a long time
consist mainly of hydrocarbons
what are hydrocarbons
molecules that consist of carbon and hydrogen atoms only
first four alkanes
methane
ethane
propane
butane
general formular for alkanes
CnH2n+2
difference between alkanes and alkenes
alkenes have at least one double covalent bond
alkanes are saturated alkenes are unsaturated
kerosene is used in
jet fuel
petrol is used in
cars
longer alkanes have________ __________
higher viscosity
shorter alkanes are _____ ___________
more flammable
3 uses of hydrocarbons
lubricants
detergents
solvents
polymers (made from alkenes not alkanes)
formula for alkenes
CnH2n
testing for alkenes
alkenes will turn bromine water from orange to colourless
which alkanes are more in demand
shorter or longer
shorter
what does cracking do
we use cracking to break longer alkanes into a shorter alkane and alkenes which meets the demand
what colour does bromine water change to In the presence of alkenes
orange to colourless
2 types of cracking
catalytical cracking
thermal decomposition
thermal decomposition
breaking molecules down by heating them
Test for alkenes and colour change
Bromine water
Orange to colourless
Test for hydrgen
Results
Lowering burning split into gas
Burn with a squeaky pop sound
In fractional distilation each fraction _____ at different levels
Condense
