c1 atomic structure Flashcards

1
Q

what does the nucleus contain

A

protons
neutrons

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2
Q

what is an ion?

A

an atom or a group of atoms that has lost or gained an electron

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3
Q

atomic number tells you how many______they are

A

protons

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4
Q

mass number

A

protons and neutrons

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5
Q

how do we get the number of neutrons?

A

mass number minus the atomic number

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6
Q

isotopes

A

different forms of the same element which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

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7
Q

the formula for relative atomic mass

A

the sum of (isotope abundance x isotope mass number) /divided by the sum of the abundance of all the isotopes

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8
Q

what is crude oil?

A

mixture of different-length hydrocarbon molecules.

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9
Q

how is chromatography useful?

A

helps separate different dyes in an ink

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10
Q

why is a pencil used to draw the line at the bottom of the chromatography paper?

A

pencil marks are insoluble

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11
Q

steps for chromatography

A

1) draw a line near the bottom of the sheet of filter paper

2)add a spot of ink to the line and place the sheet in a beaker with a shallow solvent

3) place a lid on top of the container to stop the solvent from evaporating

4)solvent seeps up the paper carrying ink with it

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12
Q

two ways to separate soluble solid from solution

A

evaporation

crystallisations

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13
Q

filtration and crystallisation process

A

grind the mixture with a pistol and motor

put the mixture in water and stir

filter mixture

evaporate the water to form crystals

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14
Q

problem with simple distillation

A

can only be used to separate mixtures with very different boiling points

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15
Q
A
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