Organic chemistry Flashcards
General formula?
A general description of the homologous series .
Molecular formula?
Indicates the type of atoms and the correct number of each in the molecule.
Structural formula?
Indicates which atoms are attached to which within a molecule. Atoms are represented by their chemical symbols and lines are used to represent all the bonds that hold the atoms together.
Condensed structural formula?
Shows the way in which atoms are bonded together in a molecule, but does not show all the bond lines. Only bonds between C atoms are indicated or double bonds/triple bonds only.
Functional group?
A type of bond, atom or group of atoms in a molecule that determines the physical and chemical properties of a group of organic cpmpounds.
Homologous series?
A group of compounds containing the same functional group and can thus be described by the same general formula.
Hydrocarbons?
Carbon compounds consisting of hydrogen and carbon atoms only.
Saturated?
Compounds in which there are no multiple bonds between C atoms in their hydrocarbon atoms.
Unsaturated?
Compounds with one or more multiple bonds between C atoms in their hydrocarbon chains.
Structural Isomers?
Organic compounds that have the same molecular formula, but different structural formulae (arrangement of atoms).
Chain isomers?
Molecules with the same molecular formulae, but different types of chains .
Positional isomers?
Molecules with the same molecular formula, but with substituents or functional groups in different positions on the parent chain.
Functional isomers?
Molecules with the same molecular formula, but with different functional groups and therefore belong to different homologous series.
Phase?
The gas, liquid or solid state of the compound at room temperature.
Boiling point?
The temperature at which vapour pressure of a substance is equal to the atmospheric pressure.
