Organic chemistry 1 (11)

Question 1

NAME 4 organic compounds in the body

+ their importance

Answer 1

Aspirin – commonly used painkiller

Vision depends on cis-11-retinal

Adrenaline – secreted by adrenal glands in response to stress

Soaps- which are are produced by reaction of a base with fats and oils

Question 2

What is the electronic structure of carbon ?

Answer 2

1s2 2s2 2p2

Question 3

Name two stable isotopes of carbon

Answer 3

12C and 13C

Question 4

What is the general formula of

Answer 4

CnH2n+2 (where is is a positive integer )

Question 5

What is the general formula of

Answer 5

CnH2n (where is is a positive integer)

Question 6

In alkane non-systematic names are used what do these mean

1) n-
2) iso-
3) neo-

Answer 6

1) n- : Alkane is unbranched
2) iso- : Alkane contains (CH3)2CH- and no other branches (one methyl group)
3) neo- : Alkane contains (CH3)3C- and no other branches (two methyl groups )

Question 7

How is solubility difference between Inorganic and covalent structures ?

Answer 7

Inorganic substances are High solubility in water; low solubility in non-polar solvent however covalent structures solubility is variable and depends on structure and bonding (often generalised as the reverse of inorganic)

Question 8

Does isomerism occur at the same frequency in covalent and Inorganic compounds ?

Answer 8

No
Organic -Isomerism common
Inorganic -Isomers are less common (complexes of transition metals only)

Question 9

How is the speed/ of reaction different between covalent and Inorganic compounds ?
And what reacts ?

Answer 9

Organic- Chemical reactions occur between molecules – can be slower

Inorganic- Chemical reactions occur between ions - usually fast and quantitative

Question 10

What classifications are included in organic and Inorganic compounds ?

Answer 10

Organic- Classifications include functional groups; skeletal structures; homologous series

Inorganic- Classifications include acids; bases; salts.

Question 11

What is more flammable organic or inorganic compounds ?

Answer 11

ORGANIC

Question 12

Name four naturally derived fuels

Answer 12

wood, coal, oil, alcohol

Question 13

Name four naturally derived textiles

Answer 13

wool, cotton, silk, leather

Question 14

Name five naturally derived building blocks (within the body )

Answer 14

lipids, sugars, proteins, nucleic acids, vitamins

Question 15

Name six naturally derived drugs

Answer 15

penicillin, quinine, morphine, erythromycin, vincristine, thyroxine

Question 16

Name one naturally derived flavour and fragrance

Answer 16

vanillin

Question 17

Name two naturally derived dyes

Answer 17

indigo, woad

Question 18

Name 7 types of naturally derived compounds

Answer 18

Fuels 
Textiles 
Building blocks
Drugs 
Flavours and fragrances 
Dyes 
Paper

Question 19

Name two synthetic textiles

Answer 19

Nylon , rayon

Question 20

Name two synthetic Materials

Answer 20

Rubbers , plastics

Question 21

Name 4 types of synthetic artificial body part

Answer 21

Hip and knee prostheses

Heart valves and dentures

Question 22

Name 4 types of synthetic drugs

Answer 22

Paracetamol , salbutamol , statins , anti-depressants

Question 23

Name 6 other uses of synthetic compounds not named in these flashcards .

Answer 23

Soaps , detergents , polishes , cosmetics , deodorants and shampoos

Question 24

Name 10 uses of synthetic compounds

Answer 24

Textiles , materials , artificial body parts , drugs , soaps , detergents , polishes , cosmetics , deodorants , shampoos