organic chem reaction types defenitions

Question 1

substituition

Answer 1

reaction in which an atom or group of atoms in a moleculeis replaced by another atom or a groupof atoms normally with saturated compounds

Question 2

addition

Answer 2

reactions where one molecule adds to another to form a single molecule seen ONLY with unsaturated

Question 3

hydrogenation

Answer 3

a reaction which adds hydrogen to a substance by direct use of gaseous hydrogen

Question 4

hydration

Answer 4

a reaction where a molecule of h20 is added across a double or a triple bond

Question 5

dehydration

Answer 5

the removal of a molecule of h20 during the course of a reaction

Question 6

elimination

Answer 6

a reaction where a small molecule is removed from a larger molecule leaving an unsaturated molecule

Question 7

condensation

Answer 7

a reaction between two molecules which combine together to form a more complex molecule with the elimination of water or another simpler substance such as NH3 or HCL

Question 8

hydrolysis

Answer 8

a reaction involving the breaking up of a molecule into fragments and the association of one of the fragments with a part of the water molecule

Question 9

free radical

Answer 9

any atom or group of atoms with an unpaired electron

Question 10

polymer

Answer 10

long chained molecule made by joining together many small molecules

Question 11

monomer

Answer 11

small molecule from which polymers are made

Question 12

repeating unit

Answer 12

part of the polymer whose repetition produces the complete polymer chain except for the end group

Question 13

organic synthesis

Answer 13

process of making organic compounds from simpler starting material