Organic Chem

Question 1

Boiling Point

Answer 1

the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the substance is equal to atmospheric pressure

Question 2

Melting Point

Answer 2

the temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance are at equilibrium

Question 3

Vapour Pressure

Answer 3

the pressure exerted by a vapour at equilibrium with its liquid in a closed system

Question 4

Organic Molecules

Answer 4

molecules containing carbon atoms

Question 5

Molecular Formula

Answer 5

a chemical formula that indicates the type of atoms and the correct number of each in a molecule

Question 6

Structural Formula

Answer 6

shows which atoms are attached to which within the molecule

atoms are represented by their chemical symbols and lines are used to show all the bonds

Question 7

Condensed Structural Formula

Answer 7

a notation that shows the way in which atoms are bonded together in a molecule but not all the bond lines

Question 8

Hydrocarbons

Answer 8

organic compounds consisting of hydrogen and carbon atoms only

Question 9

Homologous Series

Answer 9

a series of organic compounds that can be described by the same general formula OR in which one member differs from the next by a CH2 group

Question 10

Saturated Compounds

Answer 10

compounds in which there are no multiple bonds between C atoms in their hydrocarbon chains

Question 11

Unsaturated Compounds

Answer 11

compounds with one or more multiple bonds between C atoms in their hydrocarbon chains

Question 12

Functional Group

Answer 12

a bond or an atom or a group of atoms that determine(s) the physical and chemical properties of a group of organic compounds

Question 13

Structural Isomers

Answer 13

organic molecules with the same molecular formula, but different structural formulas

Question 14

Chain Isomers

Answer 14

organic molecules with the same molecular formula, but different types of chains

Question 15

Positional Isomers

Answer 15

organic molecules with the same molecular formula, but different positions of the side chain, substitutes or functional groups on the parent chain

Question 16

Functional Isomers

Answer 16

organic molecules with the same molecular formula, but different functional groups

Question 17

Hydrohalogenation

Answer 17

the addition of a hydrogen halide to an alkene

Question 18

Halogenation

Answer 18

the reaction of a halogen with a compound

Question 19

Hydration

Answer 19

the addition of water to a compound

Question 20

Hydrogenation

Answer 20

the addition of hydrogen to an alkene

Question 21

Dehydration of alcohols

Answer 21

the elimination of water from an alcohol

Question 22

Dehydrohalogenation of haloalkanes

Answer 22

the elimination of hydrogen and a halogen from a haloalkane

Question 23

Cracking of alkanes

Answer 23

the chemical process in which longer chain hydrocarbon molecules are broken down to shorter, more useful molecules

Question 24

Hydrolysis

Answer 24

the reaction of a compound with water

Question 25

Halogenation of alkanes

Answer 25

the reaction of a halogen with an alkane compound

Question 26

What are the different homologous series & their functional groups? [9]

Answer 26

1. Alkanes (hydrocarbons)
2. Alkenes (hydrocarbons)
3. Alkynes (hydrocarbons)
4. Haloalkanes (alkyl halides)
5. Alcohols (hydroxyl group)
6. Aldehydes (formyl group)
7. Ketones (carbonyl group)
8. Carboxylic acids (carboxyl group)
9. Esters (esters)

Question 27

Which groups have which IMFs?

Answer 27

1. Alkanes (London)
2. Alkenes (London)
3. Alkynes (London)
4. Haloalkanes (London + Dipole-dipole)
5. Alcohols (London + Hydrogen [1 site])
6. Aldehydes (London + Dipole-dipole)
7. Ketones (London + Dipole-dipole)
8. Carboxylic acids (London + Hydrogen [2 sites])
9. Esters (London + Dipole-dipole)

Question 28

Combustion

Answer 28

the reaction of a compound with oxygen