Organic Chem

Question 1

of Carbons, Stem name and Alkyl name

Answer 1

C Stem Alkyl

1 Meth- Methyl
2 Eth- Ethyl
3 Prop- Propyl
4 But- Butyl
5 Pent- Pentyl
6 Hex- Hexyl

Question 2

Alkanes

Answer 2

• ‘ane’ ending refers to single Carbon bonds
• identify the longest chain of carbons
• identify side chains
• If there is multiple side chains place them in alphabetical order
  ex. 3-methyl hexane

Question 3

Alkenes

Answer 3

• ‘ene’ ending implies one double bond
• same as alkanes but with an extra step for double bond
• stem - #(where double bond is) - ene
  ex. 2-methyl prop-1-ene

Question 4

Alcohols

Answer 4

• end with ‘ol’
• CnH2n - OH
• stem - # - ol (number where OH is)

Question 5

Halogenoalkanes

Answer 5

• prefix of a halogen (fluro, bromo, chloro, iodo)

Question 6

Aldehydes

Answer 6

• R-CHO (double bonded O)
• Suffix: -al

Question 7

Ketones

Answer 7

• R-CO-R’ (double bonded O)
• Suffix: -one
• <stem> - #-one
  </stem>

Question 8

Carboxylic Acids

Answer 8

• R - COOH (double O and and OH group)
• Suffix: -oic acid
• Always terminal

Question 9

Classes of compounds

Answer 9

Primary (1’): 2 H atoms on the functional group
Secondary (2’): 1 H atom on the functional group
Tertiary (3’): No H atoms on the functional group

Question 10

Amines

Answer 10

Primary: R-NH2
Secondary: R-NH-R’
Tertiary: R-N-R’-R”
- Suffix: amine
- <stem> (anyl) amine
- Prefix of amino if more than 4 C, with secondary and tertiary use prefix N for each additional alkyl group</stem>

Question 11

Amides

Answer 11

• R-CONH (double O)
• Suffix: amide, Prefix: N ir each additional alkyl group

Question 12

Esters

Answer 12

• R-COOR’
• Alcohol + carboxylic acid = ester + water
• <alkyl> <alkyl>oate
  </alkyl></alkyl>

Question 13

Nitriles

Answer 13

• R-C(triple bond)N
• Suffix: Nitrile
• If other functional groups, prefix of cyano