organic chem

Question 1

what does the organic in “organic chemistry” mean?

Answer 1

that the compound contains carbon

Question 2

who was the important scientist, that synthesized urea in a lab determining the definition of an organic compound?

Answer 2

Wodler - 1828

Question 3

define, organic compound

Answer 3

one or more carbon atoms
-covalently bonded to other atoms

Question 4

organic compounds do not include

Answer 4

-carbon oxides
-carbonates
-cyanides

Question 5

why is carbon so important?

Answer 5

-capable of making four bonds
-covalently bonds with itself
-single, double, or triple bonds
-capable of long chains

Question 6

hydrocarbon

Answer 6

contains only hydrogen and carbon

Question 7

isomer

Answer 7

compounds that have the same molecular compostion/formula, but their structures are different

Question 8

the smaller the compound (isomers)

Answer 8

the fewer the isomers

Question 9

the larger the molecule (isomers)

Answer 9

the more isomers

Question 10

structural isomers

Answer 10

might differ slightly in physical properties due to the arrangement of their bonds
-melting/boiling point
-solubility
-reactivity

Question 11

IUPAC

Answer 11

is the internation union of pure and applied chemistry
-decides names of compounds

Question 12

“oi”

Answer 12

alcohol

Question 13

“oic acid”

Answer 13

carboxyllic acid

Question 14

“ane”

Answer 14

alkane

Question 15

1

Answer 15

meth

Question 16

meth

Answer 16

1

Question 17

2

Answer 17

eth

Question 18

eth

Answer 18

2

Question 19

3

Answer 19

prop

Question 20

prop

Answer 20

3

Question 21

4

Answer 21

but

Question 22

but

Answer 22

4

Question 23

pent

Answer 23

5

Question 24

5

Answer 24

pent

Question 25

6

Answer 25

hex

Question 26

hex

Answer 26

6

Question 27

7

Answer 27

hept

Question 28

hept

Answer 28

7

Question 29

8

Answer 29

oct

Question 30

oct

Answer 30

8

Question 31

9

Answer 31

non

Question 32

non

Answer 32

9

Question 33

10

Answer 33

dec

Question 34

dec

Answer 34

10

Question 35

alkane

Answer 35

simplest hydrocarbons -saturated -no double bonds

Question 36

general formula of alkanes

Answer 36

CnH2n+2

Question 37

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

Answer 37

a hydrocarbon composed of only carbons and hydrogens

Question 38

aliphatic

Answer 38

no benzene rings

Question 39

chemical properties of alkanes

Answer 39

-low reactivity

Question 40

physical properties of alkanes

Answer 40

nonpolar -insoluable in water

Question 41

homologous series

Answer 41

group of organic compounds with similar chemical and physical properties -structural -gradual change

Question 42

Bromide test

Answer 42

a way of telling the physical difference between alkane and alkene -only alkene reacts

Question 43

alkene

Answer 43

hydrocarons with one double bond -unsaturated prefix-#-ene

Question 44

general formula for alkenes

Answer 44

CnH2n

Question 45

properties of alkenes

Answer 45

-greater reactivity (double bond) -nonpolar, not soluable in water -boiling and melting points

Question 46

alkynes

Answer 46

unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain a triple bond perfix-#-yne -linear by triple bond

Question 47

general formula for alkynes

Answer 47

CnH2n-2

Question 48

cyclic hydrocarbons

Answer 48

-longest chain, name that first and add "cyclo" as prefix

Question 49

is cyclo aromatic?

Answer 49

no`

Question 50

aromatic compounds

Answer 50

perfect hexagons -intermediate bond length

Question 51

resonance (benzene)

Answer 51

electrons that are a part of the c-c bond are shared equally amongst carbons

Question 52

aromatic compound with attachment 6<

Answer 52

-beneze is parent chain

Question 53

aromatic compounds with attachments >6

Answer 53

-phenyl group attachment

Question 54

aliphatic vs aromatic

Answer 54

aliphatic - straight chained/branched/cyclic aromatic - one or more conjugated beneze/heterocyclic rings

Question 55

alcohols

Answer 55

contain the hydroxyl functiuonal group -OH

Question 56

properties of alcohols

Answer 56

-very polar, due to presence of OH group -hydrogen bonding -usually soluable in water (length based)

Question 57

Alkyl Halides

Answer 57

hydrocarbon derivative -contains one or more halogens attached to HC chain -polar bonding, high melting/boiling points

Question 58

F

Answer 58

fluoro

Question 59

Cl

Answer 59

chloro

Question 60

Br

Answer 60

bromo

Question 61

I

Answer 61

iodo

Question 62

carboxylic acids

Answer 62

hydrocarbon derivitive -acidic -functional group

Question 63

properties of carboxylic acids

Answer 63

-extremely polar -H bonding -generally soluable in water -high melting point and boiling point

Question 64

methanoic acid

Answer 64

formic acid

Question 65

formic acid

Answer 65

methanoic acid

Question 66

ethanoic acid

Answer 66

acetic acid

Question 67

acetic acid

Answer 67

ethanoic acid

Question 68

the LONGER the chain gets...

Answer 68

less soluable -more fatty

Question 69

the SHORTER the chain gets

Answer 69

more soluable -less fatty

Question 70

meth - but

Answer 70

soluable in water

Question 71

longer than pent

Answer 71

only slightly soluable

Question 72

ethandioic acid

Answer 72

oxalic acid

Question 73

oxalic acid

Answer 73

ethandioic acid

Question 74

benzoic acid

Answer 74

-benzene attached to single COOH group

Question 75

salicylic acid

Answer 75

-beneze attached to COOH group and OH group

Question 76

Esters

Answer 76

usually sweet smelly stuff -COOC

Question 77

hydrocarbons

Answer 77

just hydrogen and carbon -non polar -LDF only -only soluable in other nonpolar compounds

Question 78

hydrogen derivatives

Answer 78

-started with hydrogen and carbon, then adds more -nonpolar (oxygen/halogen) -LDF -dipole dipole and hydrogen bonding -more soluable in polar solvents

Question 79

groups with -LDF -dipole dipole -H bonding

Answer 79

alcohols and carboxylic acids

Question 80

groups with -LDF -dipole dipole

Answer 80

Alkyl Halides and Esters