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Chemistry122 > Organic Chem 122 > Flashcards

Organic Chem 122 Flashcards

1
Q

Methane is the ____est hydrocarbon

A

Simplest

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2
Q

A hydrocarbon substituent is called…

A

An alkyl group

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3
Q

Hydrocarbons are non-polar because…

A

The electron pair in the carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds is shared equally between the nuclei of the atoms.

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4
Q

The attractions between the non-polar molecules are ____ hydrogen bonding forces.

A

WEAK

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5
Q

Will hydrocarbons dissolve in water?

A

No!

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6
Q

What is an alkyl group?

A

A branch, one or several carbons long off of parent chain

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7
Q

Called organic because…

A

Compounds are carbon-based.

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8
Q

3 properties of Alkanes

A
  1. Single C-C bonds (Saturated)
  2. Non-polar
  3. Will not dissolve in water, since water is polar
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9
Q

Parent chain:

A

Longest chain of C atoms

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10
Q

3 properties of Alkenes

A
  1. Double C bonds
  2. General Formula: CnH2n
  3. Unsaturated - double bond is a reactive site for other atoms to bond to the carbon atom
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11
Q

Alkynes

A
  1. Triple C bonds
  2. General Formula: CnH2n-2
  3. Unsatured - triple bond is a reactive site for other atoms to bond to the carbon atom
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12
Q

Structural Isomer

A

Compounds that have the same molecular formula, but are joined in a different order.

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13
Q

Stereoisomer

Geometric Isomer

A

Isomers have the same bonds, but with a different spatial arrangement
Geo: ONLY alkenes
-cis, trans different spatial arrangement around a double
bond

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14
Q

CycloalkAnes

A

A group of carbons attached together in a ring with single c-c bonds
CnH2n

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15
Q

Diene

A

More than one double bond

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16
Q

The chemical reactions of most organic compounds involve ____ groups

A

Functional Groups

17
Q

Functional group

A

A specific arrangement of atoms in an organic compound that is capable of characteristic chemical reactions

18
Q

Substitution Reaction

A

The reaction of chlorine with ethane to produce ethyl chloride and hydrogen chloride
Product is a hydrogen halide

19
Q

Aryl halides (Aromatic + Halogen)

A

A class of organic compounds in which one or more halogen atoms are joined to a carbon of an arene ring

20
Q

Halocarbons

A

Have halogens attached to the carbon chain

(ie: F, Cl, Br, I

21
Q

Alcohols

Polyalcohols

A

An OH (hydroxyl) is bonded to any of the carbons in a parent chain
The OH branch(es) must have the lowest number(s) possible
Poly: More than one OH

22
Q

Aldehydes

A

One of the carbons, on EITHER END of the parent chain, is double bonded to the oxygen (carbonyl)

Chemistry122 (3 decks)

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