Organelles- Plant Cells

Question 1

Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane

Answer 1

Separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment. It is semipermeable which means it only lets certain select materials in and out. It can be found in both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.

Question 2

Cell wall

Answer 2

A layer that offers additional protection and shape maintenance.

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

It surrounds all the organelles in the cell. It can be found in both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.

Question 4

Ribosomes

Answer 4

They make protein. Can be floating around the Cytoplasm or attached to another organelle called the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER). It can be found in both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.

Question 5

Nucleus

Answer 5

Holds the genetic material (DNA). Controls the cell’s activities. Contains ‘Nucleolus’ which is where Ribosomes are produced .

Question 6

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Answer 6

It does a lot of processing of molecules for the cell like, protein folding and is also involved in transporting the molecules around.
Rough ER have Ribosomes attached to it and are involved in making and transporting protein.
Smooth ER have many roles like, Detoxification and can make some types of lipids.

Question 7

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 7

Has enzymes that can modify molecules it may receive and it sorts the materials it receives. Determines where to send these molecules including some that can be sent to the membrane so it can be secreted which means molecules can be sent out of the cell.

Question 8

Mitochondria

Answer 8

Make Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) in a process called ‘Cellular Respiration’. It runs on glucose which is a sugar and needs the presence of oxygen to efficiently make ATP energy.

Question 9

Chloroplasts

Answer 9

Makes glucose by using light energy in a process known as ‘Photosynthesis’. They tend to have a green pigment that captures light energy and it reflects green light.

Question 10

Vacuoles

Answer 10

Storage organelles that usually carry food molecules or wastes in solution. Plant cells have one big Vacuole called a ‘Central Vacuole’.

Question 11

Plastids

Answer 11

Responsible for manufacturing and storing of food

Question 12

Leucoplasts

Answer 12

Used for the storage of protein, lipid and starch.

Question 13

Thylakoids

Answer 13

A membrane-bound compartments inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They trap light energy and transduce the energy into chemical energy forms.

Question 14

Peroxisome