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Biology > Organelles > Flashcards

Organelles Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A

prokaryotes eukaryotes

  • unicellular - unicellular and multicellular
  • smaller, less complex - more complex type of cell
  • asexually reproduce - located in nucleus
  • no nucleus - reproduce asexually and sexually
  • located in nucleotide region - mitochondria
  • cell walls
  • all bacteria
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2
Q

similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A
  • DNA
  • contain ribosomes
  • one or more chromosomes
  • cell membrane
  • cytoplasm
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3
Q

difference between plant and animal cells?

A

plant animal

  • cell walls - food vacuole
  • chloroplasts - centrioles
  • leucoplasts - cilia
  • central vacuole - flagella
  • rectangular shape - irregular/rounder shape
  • 10-100 micrometers - 10-30 micrometers
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4
Q

similarities between plant and animal cells?

A
  • eukaryotic
  • nucleus
  • nucleolus
  • nuclear membrane
  • cell membrane
  • SER + RER
  • cytoplasm
  • golgi bodies
  • mitochondria
  • ribosomes
  • lysosomes
  • cytoskeleton
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5
Q

cell membrane function

A

controls what enters and leaves the cell

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6
Q

cytoplasm function

A

location of many chemical reactions

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7
Q

nucleus function

A

controls most activities in the cell

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8
Q

nucleolus function

A

involved in producing ribosomes

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9
Q

nuclear membrane function

A

allows only certain molecules to move in and out of the nucleus

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10
Q

mitochondria function

A

energy producers

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11
Q

rough endoplasmic reticulum function

A

manufactures, processes, and transports proteins for export from the cell

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12
Q

smooth endoplasmic reticulum function

A

production and transport of lipids

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13
Q

golgi bodies function

A

center of warehousing, repackaging, sorting, and shipping

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14
Q

lysosomes

A

recycles cell parts and breaks down macromolecules

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15
Q

chloroplasts (plants) function

A

site of photosynthesis

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16
Q

central vacuole (plants) function

A

store food, water, or waste materials

17
Q

cell walls (plants) function

A

protects and gives rigidity to plant cells

18
Q

ribosomes function

A

makes proteins in the cell

19
Q

cytoskeleton function

A

provides internal structural support and shape to the cell

20
Q

cilia (animal) function

A

aid in locomotion of the cell, help move substances past the membrane

21
Q

flagella (animal) function

A

aid in locomotion of cell

22
Q

centrioles (animal) function

A

assist with cell division

23
Q

peroxisomes

A

contains catalase, breaks down hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen

Biology (3 decks)

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