Organelles Flashcards
Nucleus
Double membrane organelle w/pores
contains the cell’s DNA
what is the function of the nucleus and what disease is associated with the nucleus?
Brain of the cell, directs cell activity
disease: cancer
Mitochondria
Double membrane organelle, holds the matrix and mtDNA.
What is the function and what disease is associated with mitochondria?
Power house of the cell, responsible for energy production (ATP)
Diseases: muscle disorders
Lysosomes
membrane enclosed sacs that contain digestive enzymes
What is the function and what disease is associated with lysosomes?
Breakdown of intracellular debris
Disease: Tay sachs
Ribosomes
attach to ER (endoplasmic reticulum) give it the rough look
What is the function and what disease if any associated with ribosomes?
Responsible for protein synthesis, translates mRNA into protein
Disease: none, not compatible with life
Cytoskeleton
structure of the cell
what is the function and what disease is associated with cytoskeleton?
its the structural support of the cell
disease: smoking impairs ability to clear particulates from trachea
Peroxisomes
membrane enclosed sacs with enzymes that breakdown
What is the function and what disease is associated with Peroxisomes?
enzymes break down free radicals
no disease
microfilaments
long, thin, stringy, proteins
what is the function and what disease is associated with with the microfilaments?
the help cells move
disease: smoking impairs ability to clear particulates from trachea
microtubules
thick and strong
what is the function and what disease is associated with microtubules?
moves chromosomes and organisms (flagella &Cilia)
Disease: smoking because it impairs ability to clear particulates from the trachea
Intermediate filaments
Strong rope like (in between)
what is the function and what disease is associated with intermediate filaments?
mainly structural providing strength and support
disease: smoking impairs ability to clear particulates from trachea
Golgi Apparatus
Stack of flattened membranes
What is the function of golgi apparatus and what disease is associated with it?
receives protein from rough ER that modifies, packages, sorts and delivers to other organelles/plasma
no disease
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
squiggly and bumpy membrane bound w/ ribosomoes
what is the Function of Rough ER and what disease is associated with it?
a vessel for the ribosomes to attach to, and absorbs the protein from the ribosome
no diease
Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum
membrane bound, smooth similar and squiggly
what is the Function of Smooth ER
site of lipid synthesis, detoxification of drugs and alcohol
