Organelles Flashcards
Chloroplast
-site of photosynthesis
- solar energy => potential energy in the glucose molecule.
- plant cells only
-Bean shaped with coins (thylakoids) inside outer membrane
Peroxisomes
- Makes hydrogen peroxides convert lipids to be used for energy
- Or: produce lipids and detoxify harmful substances
- plant and animal cells
-membrane bound organelle
Cell membrane
-protects cell
- selectivly permeable
- phospholipid bilayer with proteins
-plant and animal
-prokaryotic
Nucleus
-brain of cell
-DNA
- plant and animal
-eukaryotic only
Nucleolus
-non-membrane
-ribosome production
-in nucleus
-plant and animal
-eukaryotic only
Centrioles
-small mictorubles arranged in specific ways
- aids in cell division
- pasta shape
- animal only
-all eukaryotic
Ribosomes
-makes protiens
- either free in cytosol
- or attached to rough ER
-MRNa going through large subunit and small subunit
- plant and animal
- pro and euk
Golgi Apparatus
-syntheize, sort, package of cell products
- oregon shape (flattened stacke pouches)
- plant and animal
- EUK
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough+Smooth
-transport and package proteins and lipids
- membranous sacs and tubes
- gross looking folded area
-plant and animal
EUK
Mitochondria
-cellular respiration
-ATP is generated
-double mebraned bean shaped (ribomsome inside + others)
-plant and animal
EUK
Lysosomes
-macromolecues are hydrolyzed (broken down)
-sphere
- animal cells only
-EUK
Cytoskeleton
-reinforces cell shape
-inerlinking protein filiments
-plant and animal
-EUK and PRO
Microtubles
-chromosome movement, cell division processes, and maintains cell shape
-tube of small spheres
-MOVES cell parts
-plant and animal
Central Vacuole
-largest in plant cell
-stores water and regulates pressure
- big water bed in center of cell
-plant only
Cell Wall
-outer layer that maintains cell’s shape and protects from damage
- made of cellulose and other polysachrides, and proteins
- Plant only
-EUK and PRO
