organelles Flashcards
two types of bacteria
gram-negative and gram-positive
gram negative
have a second lipid membrane and stains
gram negative
have a second lipid membrane and stains
gram positive
do not have a second lipid membrane and do not stain
gram positive
do not have a second lipid membrane and do not stain
prokaryotic features
cell envelope, cytoplasm, ribosomes and a singular circular chromosome (nucleoid)
eukaryotic features
have linear DNA, memebrane bound organelles, much more complicated
Plant cell, non animal features
cell wall, large vacuole, plasmod esmata, chloroplasts
what is plasmod esmata
extend through the cell wall and into the next cell (like a pipe)
animal cell, non plant features
centrosomes and lysosomes
nucleus structure
two membranes (cell envelope) and pores that allow things in and out of cell, nucleolus
nucleolus function
to produce and assemble cells ribosomes
what is DNA
coded instructions for building proteins
ribosomes function
where proteins are made and synthesised
rough endoplasmic reticulum
network of membranous channels within a cell where materials are transported. proteins would travel through here as it contains ribsomes
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
network of channels where materials are transported (things like lipids and fats), synthesises lipids
mitochondrian
powerhouse of the cell, where atp is produced, energyy currency or the energy money of the cell
what is atp and how is it made
atp enerrgy is made through a process called cellular respiration. oxygen + glucose = atp + carbon dioxide + water
lysosomes
contain digestive enzymes and will deliver enzymes to overworked cell which will digest and break it down
golgi apparatus
modifies and packages proteins to export from cell
centrioles
non-membrane bound organelles within the centrosome which organize the spindle fibers during cell division
cillia and flagella
extensions of a cell that propel a cell through fluid, they have pairs of protein fibers which extend and contract which allow them to move directions
chloroplastt structure
have membrane bound sacks called thylakoids that contain cholophyll
charbohydrates role
form the structural components of the cell and to supply energy
