Organ Systems (Italia)

Question 1

what are the 4 valves of the heart?

Answer 1

Tricuspid valve (between R atrium and R ventricle)

Mitral valve (between L atrium and L ventricle)

Pulmonary valve (between R ventricle and pulmonary arteries)

Aortic valve (between L ventricle and aorta)

Question 2

What is the flow of blood through the heart? (starting from body tissues)

Answer 2

Body tissues –> veins –> Inferior or Superior Vena Cava –> Right Atrium –> Tricuspid Valve –> Right Ventricle –> Pulmonary Valve –> Pulmonary Arteries –> Lungs –> Pulmonary Veins –> Left Atrium –> Mitral Valve –> Left Ventricle –> Aortic Valve –> Aorta —> Body tissues

Question 3

What is systole vs diastole? Which one is which in a blood pressure measurement?

Answer 3

systole is when the heart contracts and pushes blood out to the body (in between S1 and S2 heart sounds) ; the top number of a blood pressure measurement is the systolic pressure

diastole is when the heart relaxes and fills with blood (in between S2 and the following S1 beat) ; the bottom number

Question 4

What are the two main heart sounds?

Answer 4

Lub Dub
Lub (S1) - sound of tricuspid and mitral valves closing

Dub (S2) - sound of pulmonary and aortic valves closing