Orela Science

Question 1

atomic number

Answer 1

refers to the number of protons in a nucleus

Question 2

nucleon

Answer 2

the number of protons and neutrons

Question 3

charge of an atom

Answer 3

neutral charge - atomic number that is equal to the number of electrons

Question 4

ionic bond

Answer 4

electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Question 5

covalent bond

Answer 5

electrons are shared

Question 6

compound

Answer 6

two or more different types of atoms bind chemically

Question 7

heat

Answer 7

transfer of energy from a body or system as a result of thermal contact

Question 8

simple machines

Answer 8

incline, plane, lever, wheel, axle, pulley
form more complex machines

Question 9

electric charges

Answer 9

attractive force between electrons and the nucleus that creates a positive or negative charge that makes up the electromagnetic field

Question 10

current formula

Answer 10

1 amp/ 1coulomb/1sec

Question 11

mechanical waves

Answer 11

transmit energy through matter

Question 12

electromagnetic waves

Answer 12

transmit energy through a vacuum

Question 13

sound

Answer 13

pressure disturbance that moves through a medium in the form of mechanical waves which transfer energy from one particle to the next

Question 14

inorganic compounds

Answer 14

lacks carbon, includes mineral salts, metals, alloys, phosphorus, meta complexes

Question 15

organic compounds

Answer 15

has carbon, formed by covalent bonds

Question 16

properties of water

Answer 16

high polarity, hydrogen bonding, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, high specific heat, high latent heat, and high heat of vaporization

Question 17

mixture

Answer 17

combination of two or more substances not bonded

Question 18

earth’s atmosphere

Answer 18

4 layers
- troposphere - closest to the earth, where weather happens
- stratosphere
- mesosphere - coldest layer
- thermosphere - thin, radio communication

Question 19

types of mountains

Answer 19

folded mountains - folding rock layers
fault block - tension of plates
dome mountains - magma pushing up

Question 20

volcanoes

Answer 20

shield volcanoes - largest
cinder - small with massive explosions
composite - mix of lava and ash layers

Question 21

orogeny

Answer 21

process of natural mountain formation

Question 22

subdivision of rock

Answer 22

igneous - cooling of magma
metamorphic - high pressure of crust and rock materials
sedimentary - most common type, compact layers

Question 23

angiosperms

Answer 23

plants with flowers

Question 24

gymnosperms

Answer 24

plants with vascular systems and seeds with no flowers

Question 25

theory

Answer 25

scientifically proven, general principle

Question 26

scientific law

Answer 26

generally accepted conclusion

Question 27

the laws of thermodynamics

Answer 27

1) energy cannot be destroyed
2) the entropy of an isolated system can only increase
3) entrophy gets closer to absolute zero the colder it gets

Question 28

timbre

Answer 28

the type of quality of sound

Question 29

dicot

Answer 29

angiosperms plants with flowers