Orbitals and Lewis structures Flashcards

1
Q

The two exceptions to 4s2

A

Chromium: 4s13d5
Copper: 4s12d10

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2
Q

Why is chromium an exception to orbital rule?

A

3d and 4s orbitals are so close in energy that it’s more energetically favourable for electrons to remain unpaired.

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3
Q

Why is copper an exception to orbital rule?

A

More energetically favourable to fill 3d orbitals and have unpaired electrons in 4s

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4
Q

How is chemical reactivity related to valence electrons?

A

Ability of electrons to be lost/gained to form complete shell.
Charge on nucleus and size of atom to govern ease or loss or gain of an electron by an atom

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5
Q

Why do transition metals behave similarly?

A

4s orbital filled first, and 4s electrons are lost before 3d

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