Orbit and nasal cavity

Question 1

What bones make up the nose?

Answer 1

paired nasal bones, maxillae, frontal bone and septum

Question 2

what arteries supply the nose?

Answer 2

branches from opthalmic and maxillary

Question 3

what is the nerve supply to the nose?

Answer 3

olfactory nerve and opthalmic nerve (v1 and maxiillary v2

Question 4

cranial nerve 1

Answer 4

olfactory
exit: cribriform plate
sensory

Question 5

what is the role of conchae?

Answer 5

warm and moisten the air

Question 6

describe the paranasal sinuses?

Answer 6

air filled extensions of the nasal cavity
1 - paired frontal sinuses in the frontal bone that drains through the frontonasal duct
2- ethmoidal cells - invaginations in the ethmoid bone and drains into middle meatus or superior meatus
3 - sphenoidal sinuses - sphenoid bone that drains into spheno-ethmoidal recess
4 - paired maxillary sinuses that drain into middle meatus

Question 7

What 7 bones make up the orbit?

Answer 7

Frontal, sphenoidal, ethmoid, nasal, temporal zygomatic, maxilla, lacrimal

Question 8

cranial nerve 2

Answer 8

optic

sensory

Question 9

what are the 7 extraocular eye msuscles and what do they do?

Answer 9

Superior rectus - up and in 
inferior rectus - down and in 
lateral rectus - abduction 
medial rectus - adduction
superior oblique - down and out 
inferior oblique - up and out
levator palpebrae - raise eyelid

Question 10

What 3 axes does movement of the eyeball occur?

Answer 10

vertical, transverse and anteroposterior

Question 11

cranial nerve 3

Answer 11

oculomotor
exit superior orbital fissure
provides motor supply to extraocular muscles except for superior oblique and lateral rectus

Question 12

cranial nerve 4

Answer 12

trochlear nerve
motor supply to superior oblique
exits the SOF

Question 13

cranial nerve 6

Answer 13

abducens nerve
exits SOF
motor supply to the lateral rectus

Question 14

what conditions can affect eye movements?

Answer 14

Dilated pupil - CN3 
ptosis - CN3 
Abnormal pupil reflex - CN3 
CN3 aneurysm of cerebral artery 
CN4 - orbital fracture 
CN6 - cavernous sinus lesion

Question 15

where does nerve supply come from when crying?

Answer 15

parasympathetic supply - Cn7

Sympathetic supply from superior cervical ganglion through the internal carotid

Question 16

what is the nerve supply to the eye?

Answer 16

CN2, 3, 4, 5(V1) 6 AND 7
Sympathetic supply - stimulate dilator pupillae to let more light in
parasympathetic supply - to stimulate constrictor pupillae to let less light in

Question 17

blood supply to the eye

Answer 17

C - central artery
I - infraorbital artery
O - opthalmic