Oral Viral Infections Flashcards
How does the primary infection of HSV happen
The virus enters the mucosal surface through damaged epithelium and replicates within the epithelium causing the lesions
What does it mean that HSV is a neurotrophic virus
So it is taken up my sensory neurons and undergoes RETROGRADE transport back to the sensory ganglia and that is where the latent infection is established
This means that when the infection is stopped by the immune system - the HSV is still in the sensory ganglia
How does reactivation of the herpes virus happen
Virus transported back in anterograde transport to the mucosal sites and epithelial cells are then infected again causing lesions
Why is HSV1 usually oral and HSV2 usually genital
This is because HSV1 prefers establishing latency infection in the trigemina neuralgia whereas the HSV2 prefers the sacral ganglia
This only applies to the latent infection however as the ganglia are not involved in the latent infection
What is the virus known that with patients in AIDS can cause Kaposi sarcoma
HHV8 - gamma herpes virus
How is Epstein Barr virus spread and what is it often called
It is spread via saliva and is often called the kissing disease - mono
What is the Pathogenesis of mumps
Paramyxovirus family - RNA
Transmission by direct contact with saliva/fomites/aerosol
What kind of HPV is risk for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
HPV-16
What is aciclovir
An acyclic purine nucleoside
How does aciclovir work?
It inhibits DNA polymerase
- Viral enzymes add a phosphate group to acyclovir
- Human enzymes add two more phosphate groups producing acyclovir triphosphate
- During viral DNA replication, acyclovir is added to the growing strand rather than GTP. This halts further elongation of the molecule and stops viral replication
What is the viral enzyme assoaciated with acyclovir
Thymidine kinase
What is the dosage of aciclovir for herpes simplex virus
200mg 1tablet 5x daily for 5 days
