Medicines And Therapeutics Flashcards
What are the three kinds of antimicrobials
Anti-viral
Anti - fungal
Antibiotics
What is a licensed medicine
A medicine that has been proven in evidence to MHRA to have efficacy and safety at defined doses in a child/adult population when treating specified medical conditions
Usually clinical trial provided by manufacturer
What is an unlicensed medicine?
Medicines that have not had evidence of efficacy submitted for the condition under treatment
Will be licensed medicines but for another condition
Patient must be informed that this medication is being used off licence
Patient must be given Paitnet information leaflet specific to the condition under treatment
Aciclovir ( antiviral) is a licensed medication for which conditions
Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
Recurrent herpetic lesions
Shingles ( recurrent herpes zoster)
The anti fungal medications , miconazole, fluconazole and nystatin are licensed to treat what
Acute pseudomembranous candidiasis
Acute erythematous candidiasis
There are two topical steriod treatments that we use un-licensed to treat aphthous ulcers and lichen planus.
What are these?
Betamethasone mouthwash
Beclomethasone metered dose inhaler
Despite beclomethasone metered dose inhaler being a licensed drug for asthma, why can it be effective in treating lichen planus and apthous ulcers?
This is because it can apply a steriod powder to a specific area - applying inhaler nosel directly over the tissues
What is a medical device?
Medical device’ means any instrument, apparatus, implement, machine, appliance, implant, reagent for in vitro use, software, material or other similar or related article, intended by the manufacturer to be used, alone or in combination, for human beings, for one or more of the specific medical purpose(s) of:
• diagnosis, prevention, monitoring, treatment or alleviation of disease,
• diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, alleviation of or compensation for an injury,
• investigation, replacement, modification, or support of the anatomy or of a physiological process,
• supporting or sustaining life,
• control of conception,
• disinfection of medical devices
• providing information by means of in vitro examination of specimens derived from the human body;
and does not achieve its primary intended action by pharmacological, immunological or metabolic means, in or on the human body, but which may be assisted in its intended function by such means.
Why is it often that multiple drugs are used in treating lichen planus
As it is often a fungal infection on top of an immunological change
Start with antifungal and then continue with a topical steriod
There are three main medicine classifications used in oral medicine, can you name all three and give an example of each?
Anti-viral - aciclovir
Antifungal - miconazole, fluconazole, nystatin
Topical steriods - betamethasone mouthwash
Beclomethasone inhaler
What are some advantages of a written instructions to the patient
Stressed patient may not remember instructions
Language issues may prevent proper understanding
Contact number for any issues with the medicine
Legal protection if post treatment course questioned
What is generic advice to give to a patient after giving a prescription
Take drugs at correct time and finish course
Unexcpected reactions ; stop
Known side effects should be discussed e.g. metronidazole and alcohol
Keep medicines safe; especially from children
Name two useful non steriod-topical treatments of oral mucosal lesions
Chloohexidine mouthwash
Benzdamine mouthwash or spray - useful topical anaesthetic/pain relief
Name three steriod based topical treatments of oral mucosal lesions
Hydrocortisone mucoadhesive pellet
Betamethasone mouthwash
Beclomethasone metered dose inhaler
What do you do with a hydrocortisone mucoadhesive tablet/pellet
Allow tablet to dissolve over the ulcer
