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Pedo Final > Oral Trauma I > Flashcards

Oral Trauma I Flashcards

1
Q

Peak age of injuries to the primary teeth.

A

2-4 years

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2
Q

50% of abused children suffer injuries to this region.

A

Head and neck

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3
Q

Triangle of safety

A

Ear, neck, and top of the shoulders.

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4
Q

What should the kid have if there’s a dirty wound?

A

Tetanus protection.

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5
Q

How many vaccinations is the Tetanus shot?

A

5

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6
Q

What ages do you get the Tetanus booster?

A 
2 mo
4 mo
6 mo
15-18 mo 
4-6 yrs
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7
Q

At what age do you get a booster?

A

11-12

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8
Q

How often after 11-2 yrs old do you get the booster?

A

Every ten years

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9
Q

Incomplete fracture of the enamel.

A

Infraction

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10
Q

Tx for infraction

A

None

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11
Q

Fracture restricted to the enamel, with no damage to the neurovascular supply or the tooth germ.

A

Enamel fracture.

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12
Q

Tx for enamel fracture.

A

Smooth out the sharp edges to avoid irritation to the tongue and lips.

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13
Q

Fracture involving the enamel, dentin, and cementum.

Crown split into two fragments- one of which is mobile.

A

Crown-root fracture without pulp involvement.

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14
Q

Tx for a crown to root fracture without pulp involvement.

A

1) Remove the fragment that ‘s mobile and restore if it’s not too far subgingivally.
2) Extract in all other cases.

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15
Q

Fracture of the enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp.

Crown split into two or more fragments, one of which is mobile.

A

Crown-Root fracture with pulp involvement.

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16
Q

Tx for crown-root fracture with pulp involvement.

A

1) Remove mobile part if not too subgingival, do pulp therapy, and restore.
2) Extract

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17
Q

Tx for enamel-dentin fracture.

A

Cover with GI

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18
Q

Keep this in mind when taking soft tissue x-rays.

A

Exposure time is 25% of usual time when taking intraoral soft tissue image.

Exposure time is 50% of usual time when taking an extraoral soft tissue image.

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19
Q

When do you extract a tooth ASAP?

A

1) External root resorption

2) Inflammation is affecting the follicle of the permanent tooth bud.

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20
Q

Why is a Cvek good to do on a baby tooth that’s not completely formed?

A

Allows for root formation.

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21
Q

You CANNOT put down formocresol when doing a Cvek. So

what intracanal medicament can you use?

A

Sodium Hypochlorite or Chlorhexidine.

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22
Q

If I do a pulpectomy on a baby tooth, can I use gutta percha?

A

No bc it’s not resorbable.

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23
Q

3 reasons NOT to do a pulpOTOMY:

A

1) Internal root resorption
2) External root resorption
3) Inflammation affecting the follicle of the permanent tooth.

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24
Q

Tenderness to percussion.

A

Concussion

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25
Q

The PDL absorbs the injury and is inflammed.

A

Concussion.

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26
Q

Tx for concussion.

A

None

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27
Q

Increased mobility but not displaced from the socket.

A

Subluxation

28
Q

The tooth is not mobile or displaced.

A

Concussion

29
Q

Tx for subluxation

A

None.

Recommend a soft diet and good oral hygiene to prevent contamination of the damaged PDL.

Can do chlorhexidine that’s alcohol free on the affected area with cotton swabs twice a day for a week.

30
Q

This happens if you have concussion or subluxation after a while.

A

Tooth discoloration

31
Q

What do you do if you see a gray baby tooth?

A

70% of the time, you do nothing.

32
Q

Does color change in a tooth indicate the need for pulp therapy or extraction?

A

No, there has to be periapical pathology, signs of infection, etc.

33
Q

What does pink discoloration indicate?

A

1) Recent injury where the capillaries in the pulp are hemorrhaging and releasing blood into the crown space.
2) Internal root resorption

34
Q

What does yellow discoloration indicate?

A

Pulp calcification.

Good prognosis

35
Q

Tx for yellow discoloration.

A

Monitor

36
Q

This causes dark discoloration of the tooth.

A

RBC’s containing hemogolobin stain the tooth dark.

37
Q

What percent of untreated dark discolored primary incisors remain without radiographic or clinical pathology?

A

70%

38
Q

The tooth is completely out of the socket.

A

Avulsion

39
Q

This percent of avulsions involving a primary have a damaged developing successor.

A

75%.

40
Q

Should you reimplant an avulsed BABY TOOTH?

A

No! Can do damage to the permanent successor.

41
Q

Someone with a congenital heart defect who has a heart valve that’s been completely repaired needs to pre-medicate for low long after the procedure was done?

A

6 months

42
Q

Do artificial heart valves need premedication?

A

Yes

43
Q

a history of this bacterial heart disease needs premedication.

A

Infective endocarditis

44
Q

Does a cardiac transplant that develops a heart problem need premedication?

A

Yes

45
Q

Dislocation of the tooth in an axial direction into the alveolar bone.

A

Intrusion

46
Q

If my baby tooth is intruded, want to figure out the position of it in relation to the permanent incisor.

A

True

47
Q

When would you extract an intruded tooth.

A

If it’s impinging on the permanent successor.

48
Q

What does buccal inclination of the crown indicate in intrusion?

A

The root is hitting the permanent tooth germ, and the baby tooth needs to be extracted ASAP.

49
Q

What does lingual inclination of the baby crown indicate in intrusion?

A

The baby root is towards the buccal plate, away from the tooth germ, so just let it re-erupt.

50
Q

Foreshortened and opaque tooth. What does this say about the type of intrusion?

A

Okay to keep in.

The root is buccal, away from the follicle.

51
Q

Elongated root on x-ray indicate what about the intrusion type?

A

EXTRACT= elongated

The root is going towards the lingual, into the follicle.

52
Q

Intruded primary teeth, unlike adult teeth, maintain what?

A

Pulp vitality.

53
Q

Describe the PDL space on a radiograph for an extruded tooth.

A

Widened around the apex.

54
Q

If the extrusion is less than 3 mm, what do you do?

A

Reposition or allow it to spontaneously realign.

55
Q

What to do if the extrusion is greater than 3 mm?

A

Extract with LOCAL ANESTHESIA!

56
Q

What do you do in a horizontal root fracture where the coronal fragment is only moderately or slightly displaced?

A

Reposition and splint

57
Q

What to do in a horizontal root fracture if the coronal segment is really displaced?

A

Extract, but leave the root tips in so you don’t damage the permanent successor.

58
Q

The tooth is usually not mobile in this type of injury bc the root is forced into the bone.

A

Lateral luxation.

59
Q

Alveolar bone fracture is often caused by this type of injury.

A

Lateral luxation.

60
Q

This type of injury is often associated with a swollen upper lip due to fracture of the buccal bone plate by the tooth apex.

A

Lateral luxation

61
Q

Lateral luxation treatment if there’s no occlusal interference, like in an anterior open bite.

A

Allow to spontaneously reposition.

62
Q

Lateral luxation treatment if there’s occlusal interference.

A

Give local and manually reposition.

63
Q

Lateral luxation treatment for teeth with severe displacement in a labial direction.

A

Extraction.

64
Q

Teeth have mobility of the alveolar process in this type of oral trauma.

A

Alveolar fracture (buccal and lingual plates are fractured).

65
Q

Splint these two types of oral trauma.

A

Root fracture and Alveolar fracture.

66
Q

General anesthesia is indicated for this type of oral trauma.

A

Alveolar fracture.

Pedo Final (11 decks)

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