ORAL & THROAT Flashcards
Function of salivary amylase.
ENZYME THAT INITIATES CHEMICAL DIGESTION
Frenulum:
CONNECTS LIPS TO GUMS (OR ORAL CAVITY FOR INFERIOR)
Vestibule:
SPACE BETWEEN GUMS, LIPS, & TEETH
Uvula:
PROJECTION OF SOFT PALATE
Know the locations of the salivary glands.
INTRINSIC: BUCCAL, LINGUAL, LIPS. EXTRINSIC: PAROTID, SUBLINGUAL, & SUBMANDIBULAR
Dentin:
FORMS PRIMARY MASS
Enamel:
FORMS CROWN
Pulp cavity:
CONTAINS CT; IN CENTER OF TOOTH
Dental alveoli:
SOCKETS THAT HOLD TEETH
Deciduous teeth vs permanent teeth – how many?
DECIDUOUS: 20. PERMANENT: 32
Describe the location of the esophagus.
PROJECTS INFERIORLY THRU THORAX & THRU ESOPHAGEAL HIATUS AND DIAPHRAGM
What epithelium type is in the esophagus (differs from the rest of the GI tract)?
NONKERATINIZED STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS
What is the esophageal hiatus?
WHERE ESOPHAGUS PASSES THRU DIAPHRAGM & CONNECTS TO STOMACH
Voluntary phase of swallowing:
BOLUS IS PUSHED BY TONGUE AGAINST HARD PALATE, THEN MOVED TOWARD OROPHARYNX.
Involuntary phases of swallowing:
pharyngeal & esophageal phases
pharyngeal phase:
BOLUS IS IN OROPHARYNX; SOFT PALATE & UVULA CLOSE OFF NASOPHARYNX, & LARYNX ELEVATES SO EPIGLOTTIS
Esophageal phase:
BOLUS PASSES INTO STOMACH W/PERISTALTIC CONTRACTIONS
Where is the bolus being sent to? Start from beginning.
Oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, & stomach
What happens to the bolus in each location?
ORAL CAVITY: MECHANICAL DIGESTION FROM CHEWING; CHEMICAL DIGESTION FROM SALIVARY AMYLASE. PHARYNX: SWALLOWS BOLUS. ESOPHAGUS: TRANSPORTS BOLUS FROM PHARYNX TO STOMACH. STOMACH: MIXES BOLUS W/GASTRIC SECRETIONS (NOW CHYME) W/HELP OF SMOOTH MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS.
