Oral surgery instruments Flashcards
One indication for extraction is if the tooth is unrestorable. What makes a tooth unrestorable? (6 points)
- Gross caries
- Advanced periodontal disease
- Tooth/root fracture
- Severe root surface loss
- Pulpal necrosis
- Apical furcation
Apart from unrestorable teeth what are other indications for extractions? (4 points)
- Symptomatic partially erupted teeth
- Traumatic position
- Orthodontic indications
- Interference with construction of dentures
What do straight upper anterior forceps look like?
- Perfectly straight (totally flat)
Where in the mouth are straight upper anterior forceps used?
- Upper anterior of the mouth
- Use from canine to canine
What do Upper universal forceps look like?
- Slight curve
Why do upper universal forceps have a slight curve?
- To allow them to reach further back in the mouth
What teeth can upper universal forceps be used for?
Can use on canine and a bit further back to the premolars
- Usually used on single rooted teeth
Why are there upper R and upper L molar forceps?
- Upper molars usually have 2 buccal roots and one palatal - need forceps that can engage two things on either side
What are the tips of upper molar forceps like?
- Smooth end on one side - concave (designed to grab the palatal root)
- Buccal side have 2 roots - there is a point then goes back again so there is a triangle
- Point is designed to go into the furcation between the buccal roots
- Pointy one looks like a duck’s beak - beak has to be on the cheek side (buccal)
What are the 3 types of lower forceps?
- Lower universal forceps
- Lower molar forceps
- ‘Cowhorn’ forceps
Do you need lower R and L molar forceps?
- No, the lower molars have mesial and distal roots - end should be pointy on each side
- Lower molar forceps work for both sides
What is the difference between upper forceps and lower forceps?
- Have a 90 degree bend
What are you aiming to do as you move the forceps?
- Aiming to expand the pocket
What are the tips of lower universal forceps like?
- Tips are concave on both sides
- Designed for lower anterior’s up to canines and maybe premolars
What are the tips of lower molar forceps like?
- 2 pointy beaks
- Triangle shaped
- Designed to engage the buccal furcation and the lingual furcation’s
- Mesial and distal roots
What are the tips of cowhorn forceps like?
- Very pointy compared to other instruments
- Very highly polished so very smooth
- Designed to be used only in 2 rooted lower molars (the roots have to be separate from each other)
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How do you use cowhorn forceps?
- Put it down into the furcation and then squeeze it - 2 points will go towards each other by squeezing and will pull the tooth out
- Don’t try to mobilise the tooth with these - too smooth so will not move the tooth
What are the 2 types of bayonet forceps?
- Upper bayonet third molar forceps
- Upper bayonet root forceps
Which type of forceps is used to access upper wisdom teeth?
upper bayonet third molar forceps
- Z shape
What is the shape of upper bayonet third molar forceps?
Z shaped
What are upper bayonet root forceps used for?
- Used for removing little roots
- Narrow
What is the extraction technique for lower molars?
- Work standing up
- Stand behind patient for left and on front of patient for right
- Little bit to the left for lower left
- Little bit to the right for lower right
What is the extraction technique for lower premolars?
Same as for lower molars
When would you stand at the front of a patient when doing an extraction?
For lower right molars and premolars and all upper teeth
- Always stand on the patients left hand side
How would you lie the patient for an extraction of their upper molars?
- Would lie them a bit more flat
What is the name of the elevators that begins with a ‘C’?
- Coupland’s
- Can get a 1, 2 or 3
You can get a R and L Cryer’s elevator. How can you check to see which is R and which is L?
- Hold so concave surface is pointing towards the ceiling
- Pointy bit have to be pointing at each other
What are Cryer’s elevators good for?
Good to get little bits of retained roots
What are the 3 types of Warwick James elevators?
- Straight
- Right
- Left
What are Warwick James elevators used for a lot?
- Use a lot for wisdom teeth
