Oral Surgery Flashcards
Categories of extractions: emergency
Broken tooth
Categories of extraction: preventive
Orthodontic purposes
Categories of extractions: conservative
Save teeth
Types of dental extractions: simple
Above the gum line
Types of dental extractions: surgical
Below the gum line/ impacted
Check medical history, radiographs, financial arrangements, consent forms
Pre-operative care
Foods, liquids or medication in the stomach when general anesthesia is administered may cause what?
Vomiting
Clean under nails, wash up go elbows with a scrub brush to clean hands and forearms for how long?
7 minutes (surgical scrub)
Scrub brush is packaged with what antiseptic contained in the brush
Chlorhexidine or iodophor
Pain control: pre medication
Anti-anxiety
Pain control: sedation
Sedative tranquilizers, iv conscious sedation, general anesthesia
Pain control: anesthetics
Local anesthetics, nitrous oxide
During post op:
Stay with patient until fully recovered to leave office. Give verbal and written post op.
Maintenance of surgical instruments: hinged
Placed in ultrasonic or hydrim with hinge in open position
Maintenance of surgical instruments: class of instruments
All classified as critical items and must be sterilized before use
Sterile gauze pressure pack stays in place for how long after procedure
30-45 minutes
First 24 hours post op
Use cold pack 20 minutes on 20 minutes off
After 24 hours post op
External heat can be used to promote healing and saline solution rinse every 2 hours.
Alveolitis (dry socket) symptoms
Foul odour, taste and pain. Pain after extraction diminishes and then returns after 2-4 days
Instrument transfer: used for many instrument transfers in surgery and a two-handed technique is frequently used
Palm grasp
Instrument transfer: transfer of sharp items should be done (scalpels, needles)
One way transfer
Instruments: used to loosen tooth. Locate the tooth out of the socket, and to compress bone and enlarge socket.
Elevators
Instrument elevator: detach gingival tissue around the neck of the tooth. Separate or retract the periosteum from the surface of the bone
Periosteal elevator
Instrument elevator: used to apply leverage against tooth to loosen it from periodontal ligament. Maybe he also used to remove smaller tooth fragments, retained roots and teeth that have been sectioned.
Straight/angular elevator
Instrument: used for removing root tips or fragments that have broken from tooth during extraction
Root tip picks
Instruments: the dentist places the beaks on the tooth and firmly grasps the tooth around and below the cementoenamel junction
Forceps
Instrument forcep: can be used either in the right or left side of the dental arch (150)
Maxillary universal forceps
Instruments: resembles a large spoon excavator. It is a double ended, scoop shaped with sharp edges that allow for a scraping motion. Used following the extraction to scrape the interior of the socket to remove diseased tissue or abscesses
Surgical curettes
Instruments: used to incise or excise soft tissue with the least amount of trauma to the tissue. Designed with to sections the handle and the __
Scalpel and blade
Instruments: used to retract tissue, remove small root tips, clamp off blood vessels, and grasp loose objects
Hemostat
Instruments: when there is a need to remove or reshape bone this can be used
Mallet and chisel
Instruments: used to trim and shape alveolar bone. Widely used after multiple extractions to eliminate sharp projections and to shape the edentulous ridge.
Rongeur
Instruments: smooths the surface of the bone after the rongeur has removed most of the undesirable bone
Bone file
Instruments: designed to hold cheeks and tongue during surgical procedures to maintain a clear field
Cheek and tongue retractors
Instruments: used to trim and recontour soft tissue. Should never be used for non surgical tasks that would dull cutting surface.
Surgical scissors
Instruments: the mouth prop is placed where
On the opposite side of the mouth being treated
Instruments: used to keep socket clean as dentist removes tooth fragments. The tip is much narrower compared to HVE tips
Surgical aspirator
