Oral Pathology Flashcards
(55 cards)
1
Q
What causes a cleft lip?
A
- lack of fusion between medial nasal process and maxillary process
2
Q
What causes a cleft palate?
A
- lack of fusion between palatal shelves
3
Q
Clefts + pits = ??
A
Van der Woude Syndrome
4
Q
- white or whitish-gray edematous lesion of buccal mucosa
- dissipates when cheek is stretched
A
Leukoedema
5
Q
White annular (ringed) lesions surrounding central red islands that migrate over time
A
Geographic tongue AKA benign migratory glossitis
6
Q
Folds and furrows of tongue dorsum
A
fissured tongue
7
Q
Fissured tongue + granulomatous cheilitis + facial paralysis = ??
A
Melkersson- Rosenthal Syndrome
- Mels bells = facial paralysis
- Rosy Red = granulomatous cheilitis
8
Q
Congenital focal proliferation of capillaries
A
hemangioma
9
Q
congenital focal proliferation of lymph vessels
A
- lymphangioma
- very rare
- when on neck it is called cystic hygroma
10
Q
Angiomas of leptomeninges (arachnoid and pia mater) + skin along the distribution of trigeminal nerve = ??
A
Sturge-Weber syndrome
11
Q
- mass in midline floor of mouth
- doughy consistency
A
dermoid cyst
12
Q
- lateral neck swelling
- epithelial cyst within lymph node of neck
A
branchial cyst
13
Q
- epithelial cyst within lymphoid tissue of oral mucosa
- palatine and lingual tonsils are common
A
oral lymphoepithelial cyst
14
Q
- radiolucency in posterior mandible BELOW mandibular canal
- due to lingual concavity of the jaw
A
Stafne Bone Defect
15
Q
- Heart-shaped radiolucency in nasopalatine canal
A
Nasopalatine duct cyst
16
Q
- Term denoting any radiolucency between maxillary canine and lateral incisor
A
Globulomaxillary lesion
17
Q
- Large radiolucency SCALLOPED AROUND ROOTS
- no epithelial lining
- usually associated with jaw trauma
A
Traumatic Bone Cyst
18
Q
- red dots, inflamed salivary duct openings
A
nicotine stomatitis
19
Q
- brown, diffuse, irregular macules
- typically seen in anterior gingiva
A
smoking-associated melanosis
20
Q
- benign hyperpigmentation in mucous membrane
- basically a freckle of mucosa
A
Melanotic macule
21
Q
freckles + intestinal polyps = ??
A
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
(PJs - Freckles - intestinal distress)
22
Q
elongated filiform papillae
A
Hairy Tongue
23
Q
- commonly related to sodium lauryl sulfate
- toms of maine or Rembrandt toothpaste
A
Dentifrice-Associated Sloughing
24
Q
Classes of submucosal hemorrhage (4)
A
- Petechiae = 1mm hemorrhages
- Purpura = slightly larger than petechiae
- Ecchymosis = 1 cm or bigger, bruise
- Hematoma = mass of blood within tissue, caused by trauma to oral mucosa
25
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Primary - pan-oral
- Recurrent - Keratinized
- 2 forms - Herpes Labialis - vermillion border
- Recurrent intraoral herpes - attached gingiva, hard palate
Tx - Acyclovir in Prodromal phase
26
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
- Primary - Chickenpox
- Recurrent - Shingles
27
Herpes zoster reactivation in geniculate ganglion affecting CN 7 and 8 resulting in facial paralysis, vertigo, deafness =
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
28
- Hand food and mouth disease
- herpangina (posterior oral cavity
Coxsackie virus
29
What are Koplik's spots? What virus causes them?
- buccal mucosa dot ulcers, precede skin rash
- Measles (Rubeola)
30
Benign epithelial pedunculated or sessile proliferation on skin or mucosa
papilloma (AKA wart)
31
common skin wart
verruca vulgaris
32
- HPV 6 and 11
- genital wart
Condyloma Acuminatum
33
- HPV 13 and 32
- multiple small dome-shaped warts on oral mucosa
Focal Epithelial hyperplasia (Heck's disease)
34
-epstein barr virus
- white patch on lateral tongue, does not wipe off
- opportunistic infection associated with HIV
- associated with Burkitt's lymphoma
oral hairy leukoplakia
35
Treponema pallidum causes?
syphilis
36
Characteristics of syphilis
primary - chancre
secondary - oral mucous patch
tertiary - gumma (systemic)
37
Common characteristics of Actinomycosis
- caused by actinomyces israelii (NOT FUNGAL)
- Periapical - jaw infections
- cervicofacial - head and neck infections
- sulfur granules in purulent exudate
38
Characteristics of Scarlet Fever
- Group A strep (strep pyogenes)
- strawberry tongue = white coated tongue with red inflamed fungiform papillae
39
Characteristics of candidiasis
- AKA Thrush
- pseudomembranous = white plaque that rubs off
- atrophic = red
- Median rhomboid glossitis = loss of lingual papillae
- angular cheilitis = corner of mouth
40
- white patch that does not rub off
- Tx: biopsy
Leukoplakia
- clinical description, not a diagnosis
41
- Recurrent and warty
- HPV 16 and 18
- high risk of malignant transformation to SCC or verrucous carcinoma
Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia
42
- Red Patch
- higher risk than leukoplakia
- Tx: biopsy
Erythroplakia
- clinical description, not a diagnosis
43
Due to sun damage (UVB especially)
Actinic Cheilitis
44
White mucosal change in vestibule due to direct effects of smokeless tobacco and additives
Smokeless tobacco associated lesion
45
Nonkeratinized
Minor --> heal without scarring
Major --> heal with scarring
Sutton disease = AKA for Major form
Behcet's syndrome
Aphthous Ulcer
46
Multisystem vasculitis that causes aphthous-type ulcers of oral and genital, and inflammation of eye
What is the treatment?
-Behcet's Syndrome
-Corticosteroids
47
- Often on lips but can occur anywhere on skin and mucosa
- minor --> herpes simplex hypersensitivity
- major --> drug sensitivity (AKA stevens-johnson syndrome)
Erythema Multiforme
48
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Another name for the major form of erythema multiforme
49
- Allergic reaction to drug or food contact
- diffuse swelling of lips, neck or face
- mediated by mast cell release of IgE and histamines
What is the treatment?
Angioedema
antihistamines
50
- allergic reaction to inhaled antigen
- strawberry gingivitis
What is the treatment?
Wegener's Granulomatosis
Corticosteroids (prednisone) and cyclophosphamide
51
- T lymphocytes target and destroy basal keratinocytes
- sawtooth rete pegs
- reticular --> wickham striae, more common
- erosive --> wickham striae with red ulcerations
What is the treatment?
Lichen Planus
Corticosteroids
52
- Discoid chronic type --> disc-like lesions on face
- systemic acute type --> butterfly rash over nose
What is the treatment?
Corticosteroids
53
- hardening of skin and connective tissue
restricted opening and uniform widening of PDL - space
Scleroderma
54
- Autoantibodies against desmosomes
- multiple painful ulcers preceded by bullae
- positive nikolsky's sign
What is the treatment?
Pemphigus Vulgaris
Corticosteroids
55
